be pleased that可以改成be pleased because吗
2024-11-25 11:02:19 学考宝 作者：佚名
问题描述
Her parents were pleased that she had done so well.
请问这里的that she had done so well 是表示原因吧? 但为什么不用 because 呢?
这句也可以这样说吗?
Her parents were pleased because she had done so well.
老师答疑
刘老师：
在be pleased that 结构中，that 从句表示原因。因此，可以改为：Her parents were pleased because she had done so well.
又如：
He was pleased because he won all his sets. （词典例句）
因为他一局也没有输,他非常高兴。
****************************************************************************************
关于曾老师的解答，以及曾老师引用章振邦教授的论述，我谈一下个人的看法。
一、网友的疑问是：在Her parents were pleased that she had done so well. 句中，这里的that she had done so well 是否表示原因? 能否把that改为because：Her parents were pleased because she had done so well.
曾老师主要是谈了句子成分划分的问题，与网友的问题关系不是很大。既然谈到了句子成分问题，我也想说一下自己的看法。
二、关于对“主语（人） + be + 形容词 + that 从句”的分析。
句子的主干是“主系表结构”，估计没有异议。现在争论的焦点是，这个that从句到底做什么成分？
我个人认为，单纯从结构上是很难对that从句划分成分的。我觉得，从语义上考虑划分成分，应该比较合适。因此，根据形容词与that从句的关系，作为判断的标准。据此可以分为两种类型：
1. be + 形容词 + that 从句（原因状语从句）
2. be + 形容词 + that 从句（宾语从句）
▲that从句“宾语说”或者that从句“状语说”，不能一概而论，应区别对待。
曾老师举的这一类例子，实际是“状语从句”，而非“宾语从句”：
He was pleased that at last he was extricated. 他很高兴他终于获得了解脱。
I'm sorry that your husband lost his job. 你丈夫把工作丢了，我很惋惜。
He's very glad that you've come to see him. 你来看他，他非常高兴。
They are proud that she is doing well at school. 他们为她出色的学习成绩感到骄傲。
Father was angry that Tom had broken the glass. 汤姆把杯子摔破了，父亲很生气。
因为这些that从句，在意思上是形容词的“原因”。根据语义，看作原因状语从分句最合适。下面的这类that从句，才是宾语从句。
▲“be+形容词”表达的意思，如果对that从句具有“相信、推测、怀疑、判断”等关系，那么，把that从句视为宾语从句最好。例如：
I’m afraid that he isn’t back yet. 恐怕他还没回来。
We’re sure that they will stand behind us. 我们肯定他们会支持我们。
They were confident that they would overcome the difficulties. 他们有信心能克服困难。
I am certain that he will deliver on his promise. 我确信他会履行诺言。
从语义上看，这些例句中的that从句跟形容词不存在因果关系，而是动宾关系，“be+形容词”可以转换为一个及物动词。这时，把that从句看作宾语为好。
▲语法家们对于这个问题，也不明确表达自己的判断，都是说“有人认为”。看得出他们对此的包容性，但包容不等于混淆。
此外，章振邦教授的以下说法，本人不敢苟同：
也有人认为that-分句在这类结构中仍是名词性分句作同位语。例如：
I'm amazed that you should have arived so early.
= I'm amazed at the fact that you should have arived so early.
这样分析有些勉强了。在形容词后加了一个介词at，后面跟一个the fact，然后把that从句看作同位语从句，这不是语言的原本，而是人为的结果。
还有，章振邦教授的“形容词+that-分句”作主语补足语的说法，不甚明白是什么意思。按照国外的语法理论，“主语补足语”就是表语，具体到讨论的句子是指形容词本身，不包括系动词在内，也不包括that从句在内。
曾老师：
很多人认为这是“形容词+that-分句作宾语”，英语中这样的句式结构很多。如：
He was pleased that at last he was extricated. 他很高兴他终于获得了解脱。
I'm sorry that your husband lost his job. 你丈夫把工作丢了，我很惋惜。
He's very glad that you've come to see him. 你来看他，他非常高兴。
They are proud that she is doing well at school. 他们为她出色的学习成绩感到骄傲。
Father was angry that Tom had broken the glass. 汤姆把杯子摔破了，父亲很生气。
章振邦《新编英语语法》对此类句式作了比较客观解释。摘录如下以供参考：
这种句型的主语一般都是人称主语，所用的形容词一般都是表示思想状态或情感色彩的形容词，这种that-分句也可以看作原因状语分句。
We're surprised that she should behave like that.
that-分句与surprised结成形容词词组作主语补足语。现在的问题是：that-分句本身在这类句型中到底起什么作用。关于这一问题，语法学者们说法不一。有的认为that-分句在这类结构中起状语作用。例如：
I'm glad (that) you like it.
这个句子在意义上相当于：
I'm glad because you like it.
也有人认为that-分句在这类结构中仍是名词性分句作同位语。例如：
I'm amazed that you should have arived so early.
= I'm amazed at the fact that you should have arived so early.
也有人认为that-分句在这类结构中起宾语作用。例如：
I'm afraid that she can't succeed in her plans.
= I fear that she can't succeed in her plans.
上述说法都有一定的理由，但都不能概括全体。我们认为对于这类结构的形式和意义应该有所区别：从结构形式看，都是“形容词+that-分句”作主语补足语，至于它们的意义那要对具体的句子作具体的分析。
陈老师：
Her parents were pleased that she had done so well.
请问这里的that she had done so well 是表示原因吧? 但为什么不用 because 呢?
这句也可以这样说吗?
Her parents were pleased because she had done so well.
同意teacher liu解答观点
(1)主语+be+pleased that（宾语） 从句 属于宾语从句“表示原因”
He's not too pleased that I don't seem to be doing my bit.
他对我好像没有做我该做的而感到不满意。
He was pleased that his unsophisticated friends should take his words to be his own.
他未经世故的朋友们竟把这话当作是他自己想出来的,他心中十分得意.
(2)主语+be+pleased +because（状语） 从句，属于原因状语从句“表示原因”
The old man is pleased because we often visit him .
因为我们经常去看望这位老人，所以他很开心。
补充回答如下：
关于be+形容词+that从句
(1)形容词宾语从句理解
(2)主语补足语理解
(3)原因状语从句理解
(4)同位语从句理解
我个人不成熟建议为：对于一个英语初学者，建议先以第1种语法理论来理解，(宾语从句可以在形式和结构上概括4种情况。）后面2/3/4属于英语达到一定水平后可以那样理解。
如果解答不妥当之处，还请谅解，谢谢！
