Unit 2 How often do you exercise? 单词详解 人教版八年级英语上册

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八年级英语上册Unit2单词详解
★housework(U)n.家务劳动，家务事(复合名词)
◆homework(U)n.家庭作业
◆schoolwork(U)n.功课，学业
◆paperwork (U)n.文书工作，文件
●do (the) housework做家务
→I spent all morning doing the housework.(宾语) 我整个上午都在做家务。
→I don’t like doing housework.我不爱干家务。
→It’s difficult to do housework〔with the children under my feet all the time〕.(“with复合结构”作原因状语)
有孩子在身边缠着，我很难做家务事。
→Housework is a waste of their time.(主语)做家务是在浪费他们的时间。
→Maybe she can help with housework, too.(介宾) 或许她也可以帮忙做家事。
→I help my mother with her housework sometimes. 我有时候就帮妈妈做做家务。
→Do you find housework tiring and boring (find＋宾语＋宾补/形容词短语)
你是否觉得家务活又累又烦？
★hardly(adv.)几乎不，几乎没有(程度状语)(否定副词)(行前，系后情助后)
●work hard努力工作(动词短语)
●hard work辛苦的工作(艰辛)(名词短语)
→The children were so excited they could hardly speak.（that略）
孩子们兴奋得几乎连话都说不出来了。
→I can hardly believe it.这简直让我难以置信。
→There was hardly any (=very little) traffic.路上车少人稀。
→Dad ate hardly anything (=almost nothing)，did he
爸爸几乎没吃什么东西，是吗？
★ever(adv.)在任何时候，从来，曾经(时间状语)
→You never ever offer to help! 你从来都不主动帮忙！
→Nothing lasts for ever.没有什么是永恒的。
→As ever, Joe was late. 同往常一样，乔又迟到了。
→If you’re ever in Seattle, come and see me.如果你什么时候到了西雅图，就来看我吧。
→Did you ever see him while you were in Paris . 你在巴黎时曾见过他吗
→Nobody ever comes to this part of the country. 没有人曾经来过该国这个地区
→Have you ever been to Paris 你去过巴黎吗？
→I don’t think I’ve ever been here before.（否定转移） 我觉得我以前从未到过这里。
★hardly ever几乎从不(副词短语/频度状语)
●always＞usually＞often＞sometimes＞seldom＞hardly ever＞never（很少）
→We hardly ever go out.我们几乎从不出门。
→She lives in Spain, so we hardly ever (=almost never) see her.
她住在西班牙，所以我们几乎见不到她。
★once(adv.)一次，曾经
●at once立刻，马上；同时(时间状语)
●once upon a time从前,很久以前(时间状语)
→Class meetings take place once a week.(频度状语) 班会每周举行一次。
→Once there lived an old man in a village. (时间状语)从前在一个村子里住著一位老人
→a once-famous doctor 一位曾享有盛名的医生
★twice(adv.)两次，两倍
●think twice(在决定做某事之前)再三考虑，慎重考虑（三思）
→We go camping twice a year.我们每年去宿营两次。
→The milkmaid milks the cows twice a day. 挤奶女工一天两次为奶牛挤奶。
→I'm〔twice〕your age.
= I'm〔twice〕as old as you are.(程度状语) 我的年龄比你大一倍
★Internet(n.)互联网，因特网(专有名词，与the连用)
●on the Internet在网上，通过因特网
●surf the Internet上网，网上冲浪
→You can find all kinds of information 〔on the Internet〕.(介词短语作方式状语)
在因特网上你可以找到各种信息。
→He bought the chairs〔on the Internet〕. 他从网上买了这些椅子。
→More and more companies are using the Internet to trade.(宾语)
越来越多的公司在使用因特网做生意。
→I went〔on the Internet〕to find some information for my assignment.（地点状语）
我上网查找资料来写作业。
★program(C)n.(广播/电视)节目(=programme)
→What’s your favourite television programme (主语)
你最喜欢的电视节目是什么？
→There’s a programme about(on) killer whales next.(主语)
接下来要播放一个关于虎鲸的节目。
●see/watch a programme （观）看节目
★full(adj.)忙的(同busy)，满的(充满的)(反empty)，饱的(反hungry)
●be full of充满(同be filled with)
→I have a full day tomorrow.(定语) 我明天的事排得满满的。
→a full cup of tea 一满杯的茶
→Don’t talk〔with your mouth full〕.(with+宾语+宾补/with复合结构作方式或伴随状语）
嘴里塞满东西时不要说话。
→Life’s full of surprises, isn’t it (表语)生活中总是有各种意想不到的事，对吧？
★swing(C)n.摆动，秋千(vt./vi.)(使)摆动，摇摆
●swing dance摇摆舞
→kids《playing on the swings》荡秋千的孩子们(现在分词短语作后置定语)
→It's dangerous to jump off the swing.（不定式短语作真正的主语）
从秋千上跳下来是很危险的。
→walk〔with a swing〕 摇摇摆摆地走（介词短语作方式状语）
→Let your arms swing as you walk.(宾补) 边走边摆动双臂。
→a sign《swinging in the wind》(现在分词短语作定语)在风中摇摆的指示牌
★maybe(adv.)大概，或许，可能(美国英语，口语常用。英国英语用perhaps，比较正式)(可能性约50%)
→Maybe we can find a way out.(句子副词/评注状语)
或许我们能想出一个办法来。
way out(C)n.出路，解决问题的方法
→Maybe I can ride the bicycle and follow you.也许我可以骑自行车跟着你。
→He looked like he was thirty, maybe thirty-five years old.
他看上去有30岁，也许35岁。
★least①(adv.)最小，最少②(adj.)③(pron.)最小的，最少的
→He's the least clever in the class. (adv./程度状语)(参与构成最高级)
他在班上最不聪明。
→He chose the least expensive hotel.
他挑了一家最便宜的酒店。
→He is the best teacher,even though he has the least experience.(adj./定语)
他虽然经验最少，却是最出色的老师。
→He used to wake〔at the least noise〕.(介词短语作原因状语）
他以前总是有一点点动静就会醒过来。
→How others see me is the least of my worries.(pron.)(表语)
别人怎样看我，我一点儿都不在乎。
→It's the least《I can do to help》.(定语从句)
这是我所能帮忙做的最起码的事。
★at least至少，不少于，起码(程度状语)
◆at most至多
→It will take you at least 20 minutes to get there.
到那里至少要花20分钟。
→At least he didn’t lie to me.
至少他没跟我撒谎。
★junk(U)n.无用的东西，无价值的东西(垃圾)
→This cupboard’s full of junk.(介宾)
这个壁橱里塞满了杂物。
→I bought this old table in a junk shop. (定语)
我在旧货店里买了这张旧桌子。
★junk food垃圾食品
→He threw out all my junk food.
他把我的垃圾食品全都扔了。
→Hamburgers are a kind of junk food.
汉堡是垃圾食物。
★coffee(U/C)n.(一杯)咖啡
→Do you want a cup of coffee
你要来杯咖啡吗？
→Do you like your coffee white (=with milk) or black (=without milk)（形容词短语作宾补）
你的咖啡要加奶还是不加奶？
→Let's have a coffee. 我们喝杯咖啡吧
→They ordered two coffees. (指种类和份数时是可数名词)
他们叫了两杯咖啡。
★health(U)n.健康
healthy(adj.)健康的，unhealthy(adj.)不健康的
healthily(adv.)健康地(eat～)；unhealthily(adv.)有病地，不健康地
●(be/stay/keep) in good health(保持)健康
●be/stay/keep healthy保持健康
●in poor health不健康(unhealthy)
→I’m worried about my husband’s health.(介宾)
我担心我丈夫的健康状况。
→Early rising is good for your health.
早起对你的健康有益。
★result(C)n.结果，后果
●as a result结果，因此(插入语/连接状语)
●as a result of因为，作为……的结果(原因状语)
→Accidents are usually the result of driving too fast.
车祸通常是开车太快的结果。
★percent(n.)(=per cent)百分之……(没有复数形式)
→Eighty percent of the park is desert.(主语)
公园中百分之八十是沙漠。
→a 10 percent increase in house prices
10%的房价上涨
→The decrease in sales was almost 20 percent.(表语)
销售量差不多减少了20％。
★online(adj.)(adv.)在线(的)，联网(的)
●go online上网
→All the city’s schools will be online by the end of the year.(表语)
到年底，市里的所有学校都会连接因特网。
→Instead of writing letters on paper, people communicate by sending e-mails and chatting〔on line〕.(方式状语)
人们交流时不再用纸写信，而是发送邮件或在网上聊天。
instead of代替，而不是
→set up an online business/library(定语)
开一家网店/网上图书馆
★television(U/C)n.电视节目，电视机
→Lucy turned on the television to watch the evening news.(介宾)
露西打开电视观看晚间新闻。
→In the evenings I like to relax and watch television.(动宾)
晚上，我喜欢放松下来，看看电视。
→What’s on television tonight (在电视上播放)
今晚有什么电视节目？
★although(conj.)虽然，尽管，即使(不和but连用，可以连用yet, still)(引导让步状语从句)
→Athough it was cold, he did not make a fire in the stove.
虽然很冷,他还是没有升起火炉
→Although she felt ill, she still went to work.
她虽然觉得身体不舒服, 但仍然去上班了。
→Although he tried his best, he lost again this time.
尽管他尽了全力，但是这次又输了。
★through(prep.)以，凭借(手段/媒介等)；穿过，透过
→He got the job〔through my help〕. (方式状语)
他经由我的帮助找到那个工作
→I heard about it〔through a friend〕.
我是从一个朋友那里听说此事的。
→We made our way through the village to the farm.(地状)（行进）
我们穿过村庄来到了农场。
→She smiled at him as he walked 〔through the door〕.(地状)
他从门口进来时，她朝他笑了。
→I could see her〔through the window〕.(地状)
我透过窗户看到了她。
★mind①(U/C)n.头脑，思想；心智②(vt.)介意
●change one's mind改变主意
●make up one's mind下定决心，拿定主意
→A plan began to form in his mind.
一个计划开始在他的头脑里形成。
→The event is still fresh in most people’s minds.
此事大多数人还记忆犹新。
→Mind and body are closely related.
思想和肉体紧密相连。
→She has a quick mind.她思维敏捷。
→Would you mind my joining the sports club （动名词复合结构作宾语）
你介意我加入运动俱乐部吗？
★body(C)n.身体(pl.→bodies)
→My fingers were numb and my whole body ached.(主语)
我手指麻木，浑身疼痛。
→Your body temperature is higher in the daytime than at night.(定语)
人的体温白天高于夜晚。
→Because your body is not used to that.(主语)
因为你的身体不习惯这样。
★such(adj.)(pron.)这样的，那样的，类似的(作为形容词，修饰名词或名词短语)
→They’re such nice people.(定语)
他们真是好人。
→It’s such a long way from here.
它离这儿太远了。
→I felt such an idiot.
我觉得自己太傻了。
→there’s no such person/thing 没有那样的人/物
→Such are the results. 结果就是那样(代词作主语)
→Such is life.人生就是这样。
★such as(习语)例如(引出同位语)，像……这样(后置定语)
→Cartoon characters such as Mickey Mouse and Snoopy are still popular.(后置定语)
米老鼠、史努比等卡通人物仍然流行。
★together(adv.)在一起，共同(方式状语)
●together with→与...一起
→He and my father were at school together.
他和我父亲一起上过学。
→They decided to spend more time together.
他们决定要花更多时间在一起。
→Before we all worked together, we laughed together.
之前我们一起工作, 我们一起欢笑
→Together, we will make America strong again.（宾补）
携起手来，我们要让美国再次强大。
★die(vi.)消失，灭亡，死亡
dead(adj.)死的
dying(adj.)垂死的
death(U/C)n.死亡(事件)
→He died in 1985 at the age of 76.
他1985年去世，终年76岁。
→Her father died suddenly in an accident when she was only ten.
她年仅10岁时父亲突然死于一场意外事故。
→She died young, at the age of 27.（形容词作状语）
她27岁英年早逝。
→My uncle died a hero.（名词短语作状语）
我叔叔死得很英勇。
→Did she die a natural death
她是自然死亡吗？(同源宾语)
→He died from overwork.
他死于工作过劳。(外因)
→Mr. Black died of pneumonia today in hospital.
布拉克先生因肺炎今天死于医院。(内因)
★writer(C)n.作者，作家
write(vt./vi.)写，写作(wrote/written)
→a writer of children’s stories
儿童故事作家
→a science-fiction writer科幻小说作家
→He is the writer of the letter.
他就是写这封信的人。
★dentist(C)n.牙科医生
●go to the dentist去看牙医
→I hate going to the dentist.
我讨厌去看牙医。
→I'm afraid to go to the dentist.
我害怕去看牙医。
→The dentist pulled the wrong tooth for him.
牙医帮他拔了错了牙。
★magazine(C)n.杂志，期刊
→He held a magazine in his hand.
他手里拿着一本杂志。
→You can share newspapers, books and magazines.
你可以分享报纸、书籍和杂志。
→They are talking about a magazine article.
他们在谈论杂志中的文章。
★however(adv.)然而，不过(插入语/连接状语)(句首，句中或句末，用逗号隔开，转折/对比关系)(连接副词)
→Later, however, he made up his mind to do that.
可是,后来他就下定决心去做了
→However, I will do it in my own way.
可是,我将照我的方式去做
★than(prep.)(conj.)比(比较状语)
→She is more beautiful than us all. (prep.)
她比我们大家都漂亮
→I like you better than him.
我喜欢你甚于喜欢他 [你比他更讨我喜欢]
→I like you better than he (does). (conj.)
我比他更喜欢你
→She woke even earlier than usual.(固定搭配)
她甚至比平时醒得更早。
★more than多于(副词短语/程度状语)
→There are more than 20 pupils《playing the computer games》in Class 1 Grade 2.（现在分词短语作后置定语）
在二年级一班有20多名学生玩电脑游戏。
→More than half of the class joined the English club.
班级里有一多半的学生加入了英语俱乐部。
★almost(adv.)几乎，差不多(不和not，very连用)(程度状语)
→Supper’s almost ready.晚饭就要做好了。
→It is almost midnight.午夜将至。
→He’s almost as old as I am.
他差不多跟我一样大。
→Marsha visits her son almost every day.
玛莎几乎每天都去看望儿子。
→Almost no one believed that he was sick.
几乎没有人相信他病了
→Almost all the people take interest in the new TV program.
几乎所有的人都对这个新的电视节目感兴趣。
★none(pron.)没有一个，毫无(一点儿也没有，一个也没有)
→None of our passengers can change this note.(主语)
我们的乘客中没人能换开这张钞票。
→None of them (the students) know（或knows）anything about it yet.
他们(那些学生)之中还没有人知道那件事。
→None of the milk is fresh.牛奶都不新鲜了。
→How many students are there in the dining room now
None!一个也没有！
→How much milk is there in the bottle
None！一点儿也没有了！
★less(adv.)较少，较小(adj.)(pron.)较少的，更少的
●less and less越来越少
→Talk less,do more.少说，多做。(程度状语)
→less expensive/often价钱较便宜/不那么经常(adv.)(程度状语)
→You shoud eat more vegetables and less meat.(adj.)(定语)
你应该多吃蔬菜，少吃肉。
→We have less《to worry about》 now.(pron.)(宾语)
现在我们要担忧的事少了。
★less than少于(副词短语/程度状语)
→Only less than 70 percent of the students passed the exam.
只有不到百分之七十的学生通过了这次考试。
★point(C)n. 〔比赛或运动中的〕分数，得分，点(vt./vi.)指，指向
●point at指着(目标)
●point to指向(方向)
●point out指出(后接n./pron./宾语从句)
→He is〔three points〕behind the leader.（名词短语作程度状语）
他落后领先者三分。
→win/lose a point赢/输一分
→You get three points for a win and one point for a draw.
赢了得三分，打平得一分。
→They won on points.他们以点数获胜。
→two point five 二点五(2.5)(小数点)
→a point on a map 地图上的一点
→He pointed his finger at me. 他用手指指著我。
→Don't point at me with your finger!不要用你的手指指着我！
→The big sign points south (points to the south).
那块大告示牌指向南方。
★American Teenager《美国青少年》
★teenager(C)n.青少年，十几岁的孩子（13到19岁的）
teenage①(adj.)青少年的，十几岁的(前置定语)②(U)n.青少年时期
→teenage girls/problems/magazines十几岁的少女/青少年的问题/青少年杂志
teen(C)n.青少年，十几岁的孩子(同teenager)(adj.)青少年的，十几岁的(同teenage)
teens(pl.)十几岁，青少年时期
●in one's teens(某人)十几岁

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