英语技巧：倒装句精讲及练习

重点词汇预告

1 rarely

adv.很少，难得；非常地，非凡地

参考例句：

• Such fish is rarely met with in the north country.这种鱼在北方难得看到。
• He rarely comes here anymore.现在他难得来这儿了。

2 scarcely

adv.几乎不，简直没有，勉强

参考例句：

• He found the dullness of his work scarcely bearable.他觉得他的工作枯燥乏味，简直无法忍受。
• She scarcely earns enough money to make ends meet.她几乎挣不到足够的钱以维持开支。

3 means

n.方法，手段，折中点，物质财富

参考例句：

• That man used artful means to find out secrets.那人使用狡猾的手段获取机密。
• We must get it done by some means or other.我们总得想办法把它干完。

4 deeply

adv.深刻地，在深处，深沉地

参考例句：

• I do feel deeply the strength of the collective.我确实深深地感到了集体的力量。
• We're deeply honoured that you should agree to join us.您能同意加入我们，我们感到很荣幸。

5 spoke

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

6 nobles

尊贵的人( noble的名词复数 )； （中世纪后期的）英国金币（约合英国旧币六先令八便士或半马克）； （英国）爵士

参考例句：

• The nobles of Florence built splendid palaces. 佛罗伦萨的贵族建造了许多雄伟的建筑物。
• When the nobles rebelled, the king battled them. 当贵族谋反时，国王便出兵攻打他们。

7 arrow

n.箭，矢；箭状物，箭头符号

参考例句：

• He was shot in the shoulder with an arrow.他的肩膀被箭射中。
• The letter was nailed to the wall with an arrow.一支箭把信钉在了墙上。

8 pointed

adj.尖的，直截了当的

参考例句：

• He gave me a very sharp pointed pencil.他给我一支削得非常尖的铅笔。
• She wished to show Mrs.John Dashwood by this pointed invitation to her brother.她想通过对达茨伍德夫人提出直截了当的邀请向她的哥哥表示出来。

9 robber

n.抢劫者，强盗，盗贼

参考例句：

• The robber told the woman to come across with her purse.拦路抢劫者勒令那个女人把钱包交出来。
• The robber tried to run away but a man tackled him.强盗企图逃跑，但一个人把他抓住了。

10 substance

n.物质，实质，主旨

参考例句：

• There isn't anything of real substance in her book.她的书中没有任何真正实质性的内容。
• How long will the substance take to salt out?这种物质需要多长时间来盐析？

11 resources

n.勇气；才智；谋略；有助于实现目标的东西；资源( resource的名词复数 )；[复数]物力；办法；来源

参考例句：

• The world's resources are rapidly diminishing. 世界资源正在迅速减少。
• a policy to equalize the distribution of resources throughout the country 使资源在全国分布均衡的政策

12 circumstances

n.境况；境遇；（尤指）经济状况；命运；环境( circumstance的名词复数 )；事件；境遇；机遇

参考例句：

• The company reserves the right to cancel this agreement in certain circumstances. 本公司保留在一定条件下取消这项协议的权利。
• There were extenuating circumstances and the defendant did not receive a prison sentence. 因有可减轻罪行的情节被告未被判刑。

13 extent

n.程度，范围，限度；广度，宽度，大小

参考例句：

• The new race track is nearly six miles in extent. 这条新跑道将近六英里长。
• What's the extent of the damage? 损坏的程度如何?

14 acquired

adj.（尤指靠自己的努力或行动）获得的；习得的；后天的；起初不喜欢但后来逐渐培养的爱好v.获得( acquire的过去式和过去分词 )；（使用探测器）捕获（目标）；取得；（计算机、机器人等）捕捉

参考例句：

• She has acquired a good knowledge of English. 她英语已经学得很好。
• The company has recently acquired new offices in central London. 公司最近在伦敦市中心弄到了新的办公室。 来自《简明英汉词典》

正文

　　这类词或短语主要有never, neither, nor, little, seldom, rarely¹, hardly, scarcely², no sooner, not only, in no way, at no time, few, not, no等, 如:
　　Not a word did I say to him.
　　Never have I found him so happy.
　　Little does he care about what I said.
　　I can't swim. Neither can he.
　　No sooner had he gone to bed than he fell asleep.

巩固练习:
　　1) Hardly ________ the airport when the plane took off.
　　A. I had arrived at　B. had I arrived　C. had I reached　D. I had got to
　　2) —Have you ever seen anything like that before?
　　　—No, ________ anything like that before.
　　A. I never have seen　B. never I have seen　C. never have I seen　D. I have seen
　　3) She is not fond of cooking, ________ I.
　　A. so am　B. nor am　C. neither　D. nor do

　　2. only + 状语放在句首,要部分倒装。如:
　　Only by this means³ is it possible to explain it. (介词短语)
　　Only then did I realize the importance of math. (副词)
　　Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work. (从句)

巩固练习:
　　4) Only in this way ________ make progress in your English.
　　A. you　B. can you　C. you be able to　D. will you able to
　　5) Only when the meeting was over________ go back to meet his friend.
　　A. he could　B. he was able to　C. was he able to　D. was able to he

　　3. so或so引导的短语放在句首,要部分倒装。如:
　　I saw the film, so did she.
　　So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.

巩固练习:
　　6) I like sports and ________ my brother.
　　A. so does　B. so is　C. so can　D. so likes
　　7) The doctor told Charlie to breathe deeply⁴ and ________.
　　A. so did Charlie　B. Charlie did so　C. Charlie does so　D. did Charlie so
　　8) So loudly ________ that ________ hear her clearly.
　　A. did she speak; could everyone　B. did she speak; everyone could
　　C. she spoke⁵; could everyone　D. she spoke; everyone could

　　4. "Not only + 分句,but also + 分句"句型中的前一分句要部分倒装。如:
　　Not only does John love Chinese, he is also good at speaking it.
　　但not only...but also...连接主语时,不倒装。如:
　　Not only the mother but also the children are sick.

巩固练习:
　　9) ________ himself wrong, but his friends were wrong.
　　A. Not was only he　B. Not only he
　　C. Not only was he　D. Not only was

　　5. Not until放在句首,从句不倒装,主句倒装。如:
　　Not until last week did they find the lost bike. (简单句)
　　Not until my son had entered the university did he realize the importance of time. (复合句)

巩固练习:
　　10) Not until the early years of the 19th century ________ know what heat is. 
　　A. man did　B. man　C. didn't man　D. did man
　　11) Not until I began to work ________ realize how much time I had wasted.
　　A. didn't I　B. did I　C. I didn't　D. I

　　6. as引导的让步状语从句。如:
　　Proud as these nobles⁶ are, he's afraid to see me.
　　Tired as he was, he kept on running.

巩固练习:
　　12) ________, he's honest.
　　A. As he is poor　B. Poor is he　C. Poor as he is　D. Poor as is he

　　7. 在以often, well, many a time, now and again 等方式或频度副词(短语)开头的句子中,要用部分倒装结构。如:
　　Many a time has John given me good advice.
　　Often have we made that test.

巩固练习:
　　13) Many a time ________ swimming alone.
　　A. the boy went　B. went the boy　C. did the boy go　D. did go the boy

　　二、 全部倒装
　　全部倒装有以下几种情况:
　　1. There be结构。另外,在此结构中可以用来代替be动词的动词有:exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, stand等。如:
　　There stood a dog before him.
　　There exist different opinions on this question.

巩固练习:
　　1) ________ a beautiful palace ________ the foot of the hill.
　　A. There stand; at　B. There stands; under
　　C. Stands there; under　D. There stands; at

　　2. "Here, There, Now, Then + come (或be等) + 主语" 结构。
　　说明:本句型中there是副词,应重读,强调地点。而前一句型中的there是引导词,本身没意义。如:
　　Here comes the old lady!
　　Then came the hour we had been looking forward to.
　　There comes the bus.
　　Now comes your turn.
　　除了then引导的句子用过去式以外,其余的均用一般现在时,表示一种生动的描述。其次,如果主语是人称代词,就不用倒装。如:
　　Here you are.
　　There she comes.

巩固练习:
　　2) There ________. And here ________.
　　A. goes the phone; she comes　B. is the phone going; is she
　　C. does the phone go; does she come　D. the phone goes; come she

　　3. 表示方向的副词out, in, up, down等置于句首,要用全部倒装。如:
　　In came Mr White.
　　Up went the arrow⁷ into the air.
　　Away went the boy.

巩固练习:
　　3) Out ________, with a stick in his hand.
　　A. did he rush　B. rushed he　C. he rushed　D. he did rush
　　4) ________ from the top of the building when the policeman pointed⁸ the gun at him.
　　A. Jumped down the robber⁹　B. Jumped the robber down
　　C. Down jumped the robber　D. Down the robber jumped

　　4. "分词(代词) + be + 主语"结构。如:
　　Walking at the head of the line was our teacher.
　　Such was the story he told me.

巩固练习:
　　5) ________, a man of achievements, deep thoughts, but with simple habits.
　　A. Einstein was such　B. Such was Einstein
　　C. Einstein was so　D. So was Einstein
　　6) ________ are the days when teachers were looked down upon.
　　A. Gone　B. Go　C. To go　D. Going

　　5. 表示地点的介词短语 (如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等)放在句首时,要全部倒装。如:
　　On the top of the hill stands a pine tree.
　　In front of the classroom is a playground.

巩固练习:
　　7) Near the church ________ cottage.
　　A. was such an old　B. had a so old
　　C. was such old a　D. is so an old

　　key: 一、1)—5) CCBBC 6)—10) ABBCD 11)—13) BCC 二、1)—5) DACCB 6)—7) AA

综合练习：
1.___come to our country as today.
A.Foreign guests who have never
B.Never so many foreign guests have
C.Never have so many foreign guests
D.The foreign guests aren't ever

2.___that he could not speak for a long time.
A.So frightened was he　B.So frightened he was
C.Was he so frightened　D.Frightened was he 

3.Many a time ___good advice.
A.gives me his　B.he gives me
C.I give him　D.does he give me

4.Rarely___so difficult a choice.
A.she could have faced with　B.could have she faced with
C.she could have been faced with　D.could she have been faced with

5.In a phycial change no new substance¹⁰ is formed,___in the composition of mater.
A.nor does any change take place
B.nor any change takes place
C.not any change takes place
D.either any change take place

6.Only in a few countries___a reasonable standard of living.
A.the whole of the population enjoy
B.the whole of the population enjoys
C.does the whole of the population enjoy
D.has a whole of the population enjoy

7.Seldom___to come over to have a chat with him in those days.
A.have I have time　B.did I have time
C.I have time　D.I have got time

8."Tomorrow will be Sunday."　"___."
A.So it will　B.So will it
C.Either it will　D.Either will it

9.Little ___that the district was very rich in resources¹¹.
A.we suspectected　B.we did suspect
C.did we suspect　D.do we suspect

10.The teacher is not too happy with the student,and___is his father.
A.not　B.neither　C.either　D.so

11.No sooner had theyreached the station___the train let.
A.until　B.when　C.then　D.than

12.Under no circumstances¹² and at no time ___the first to use nuclear weapon.
A.we are　B.we will be　C.were we　D.shall we be

13.___,he sat up late writing his book.
A.As he was tired　B.Tired though he was
C.Tired as was he　D.It is bcause he was tired

14.Never before that night___the extent¹³ of my own power.
A.had I felt　B.I felt　C.did I feel　D.I had felt

15.Only when you have acquired¹⁴ a good knowledge of English grammar___writer in English correctly.
A.you will　B.can you　C.you can　D.you could

1-5CADDA　6-10 CBACB　11-15DDBAB