句子成分划分。 I wish my
2024-11-21 21:41:14 学考宝 作者:佚名
问题描述
I wish my father were here.He would know how to fix this car.
只考虑前半句I wish my father were here.请教,一是请给这个句子划出句子成分。二是我想知道这里为什么要用were,而不能用其它词?
老师答疑
黎老师:
I wish my father were here.He would know how to fix this car.
只考虑前半句I wish my father were here.请教,一是请给这个句子划出句子成分。二是我想知道这里为什么要用were,而不能用其它词?
【答】I wish my father were here.是一个主从复合句:I wish 是主句,my father were here是宾语从句,引导从句的连词that省略了(在非正式文体中可以省略)。
《牛津英语用法指南》第三版630.4节指出:“在 wish 后面的从句中,...... 过去时态可以用来表示现在或将来的意义。...... I wish tomorrow was Sunday. 要是明天是星期天就好了。”“在这一结构中,were 可以用来替代 was ,特别是在正式文体中。I wish that I were better looking. 要是我长得漂亮些就好了。”
《朗文高级英语应试词典》指出:“ wish 与过去时连用,或与 would 或 could 连用”,“ wish 后可以加 that ,也可以省略”,“英式英语中,可以说 I wish I was ,也可以说 I wish I were ,后者很正式。美式英语中,应使用 were :I wish I were ten years younger. 我真希望能年轻十岁。”
be here 的意思是“在这里”,所以,在你的句子中,用 were here 或者 was here 都是正确的。
陈老师:
I wish my father were here.He would know how to fix this car.
参考译文:我希望我爸爸在这里,他知道如何修理这辆汽车。
只考虑前半句I wish my father were here.请教,一是请给这个句子划出句子成分。二是我想知道这里为什么要用were,而不能用其它词?
分句1的语法结构分析如下:
主语:I (我)
谓语:wish(希望)
引导宾语从句连词:that(无意义,可以省略)
宾语从句主语:my father(我爸爸)
宾语从句系动词:were(是)
宾语从句表语:here(在这里)
(备注:这里宾语从句为“虚拟语气”结构,表示对事实相反一种假设,因此宾语从句谓语也就是系动词使用"were"形式。)
分句2的语法结构分析如下:
主语:He(他)
谓语:would know(知道)
宾语:how to fix this car(如何修理辆汽车)
用于wish后面的从句,表示与事实相反的情况,或表示将来不太。其宾语从句的动词形式为:
(1)对现在虚拟(从句用过去式,be动词用were)
I wish I were as tall as you.
我希望和你一样高。
I wish it weren't true.
但愿这不是真的。
I wish I were a millionaire.
我但愿自己是个百万富翁
(2)对过去的虚拟(从句用过去完成时态:had done sth)
He wished he hadn't said that.
他希望他没讲那样的话。
(3)对将来虚拟(从句用:would do sth)
I wish it would rain tomorrow.
我希望明天下雨就好了。