be sb doing sth与be of sb doing sth的疑问
2024-11-28 18:11:19 学考宝 作者:佚名
问题描述
2015年陕西高考原题:
My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me enjoying the biscuits with happy laughter.
这个句子中 be of 是什么用法?表示“关于,大概”的意思吗? 一般要表达这个意思的话直接去掉 of 写不就好了?
my favorite picture at the party is my coach and me enjoying the biscuits with happy laughter.
此时可理解动名词的复合结构作表语。
老师答疑
陈老师:
从语法上看,你的分析并不错,但这样用意思不通。
▲我们先看个句子:
My job is selling insurance. 这个句子用动名词作表语,语法上是对的,它的意思是“我的工作是推销保险”,即“我的工作”与“推销保险”可以划等号,所以意思上都没有问题,也就是说这个句子在语法上和意思上都没问题,因此它是对的,是可接受的。
▲我们再看个句子:
The story is playing basketball. 这个句子用动名词作表语,在语法上没什么问题,它的意思是“这个故事是打篮球”,这个意思通顺吗?合理吗?否!因为“故事”不是“打篮球”,两者不能划等号,应该是说“这个故事”是“关于打篮球的”,即关于打篮球的故事,应该改为:The story is about playing basketball. 这样就通顺了。
▲再回到你的问题:
My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me enjoying the biscuits with happy laughter.
很显然,“照片”与“我和教练一起欢笑着享用饼干”之间并不能划等号,所以尽管去掉 of 语法上并无不妥,但意思不通。所以这个 of 不能少。句子意思为:
My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me enjoying the biscuits with happy laughter! 我最喜欢的照片是我和我的教练一起欢笑着享用饼干的那张!
▲类似的例子如:
My abiding memory is of him watering his plants in the garden. 他在花园里给他的植物浇水的身影永远留在我的记忆中。
The movie’s opening shot is of a character walking across a featureless landscape. 电影开始镜头是一个人物走过平淡无奇的画面。
One of my abiding memories of him is of his singing to a small private party. 我对他难以忘怀的一幕是他在一次小型私人派对上献歌的情景。
One of my earliest childhood memories is of my mother reading stories to me by the fire. 我最早的童年记忆之一就是母亲在炉火边读故事给我听。
One of the film’s many unsettling images is of a child playing with her father’s gun. 电影中有很多令人不安的镜头,其中之一是一个小孩在摆弄父亲的枪。
Rodin’s sculpture ‘The Thinker’ is of a man sitting with his head in his hand, sunk in thought. 罗丹的雕塑《沉思者》刻画的是一名坐着的男子,他手托着下巴,陷入沉思。
刘老师:
My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me enjoying the biscuits with happy laughter.
在这个句子中,红色部分实际是“动名词的复合结构”,或者叫作:“含有逻辑主语的动名词短语”,在本句中作介词of的宾语。其中,my coach and me 是动名词enjoying... 的逻辑主语。
本句结构是:主语 + 系动词 + of 介词短语(表语)
句中of my coach and me enjoying the biscuits with happy laughter 作表语,我们可以让它作定语:
This is a picture of my coach and me enjoying the biscuits with happy laughter.
一、of 的含义是about(关于,有关),谈论照片的内容。
“动名词的复合结构”作及物动词或介词的宾语,其意义在于:它不仅说明了动名词动作的本身,而且还说明该动作的施事者,传达出的信息是:一个带有“主谓结构的事件”,它实际是从句的一种变体。所以把它作为一个整体考虑是关键。
此外,再补充几个类似句子:
This is a photo of Marie wearing a wedding dress. 这是玛丽穿着婚纱的一张照片。
There is a picture of a fighter standing on a chariot on the wall. 墙上有一幅武士站在战车上的画。
The novel is of three sisters growing up. 这部小说描述了姐妹三人成长的历程。
二、用于这种结构,of 除了表示谈论内容外,还可表示所属关系,例如:
1. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks being opened and closed could be heard outside the classroom. 上课开始的时候,桌子被开启和关闭的声音在教室外就可以听得到。
2. Pingyu heard the famous sound of the clock, Big Ben, ringing out the hour.萍玉听到了那个著名的大本钟在报时。
3. Soon we heard the sound of the lorry revving up and moving off.
不一会儿,我们听到了卡车起动和开走的声音。
4. I heard the sound of the car dying away.
我听列车声逐渐远去。
5. I hear the sound of the ball hitting the floor.
我听到球击打在地板上的声音。
6. They like the sound of pages turning. 他们喜爱图书翻页的声音。
7. Is there any hope of Tom winning the game? 汤姆有赢的希望吗?
8. Can you hear the noise of the sofa being dragged? 你能听见沙发被拖动的声音吗?
陈老师:
除了be of doing sth 这种结构之外,我还补充下面几种结构
(1)“be of+抽象名词”,这时的of短语相当于这个名词的同根形容词,作为表语表示主语的性质或特征.of的意思是“具有、具备”等,常用于该结构的名词常见的有。
of use=useful;of no use=useless;of importance=important;be of value=valuable;等.
The matter is of great importance.=The matter is very important.
在形容词前常用very来修饰,在“of+抽象名词”结构中,名词前常用great, much等来修饰.
It is of great importance for college students to master a foreign language.
=It is very important for college students to master a foreign language.
对大学生来说,掌握一门外语是很重要的.
(2)“be of+集合名词或其它类型的名词”,相当于belong to或have.of表示归属关系或“有”的意思。
The army and the people are of one family.
=The army and the people belong to one family.
军民是一家。
(3)“be of+物质名词”表示主语是“用某种材料构成或制作的”,相当于be made of或be built of.
Our building was of bricks.=Our building was built of bricks.
我们的楼房是砖建的。
(4)be of+(表示种类、颜色、年龄、形状、价格等)名词,多用来表示主语的特征.这类结构的主语可以是人,也可以是物,其中的of可以省略.常用于该结构的名词:kind,age,colour,size,height,shape,type,way,price等。
Several of the stamps were of the unusual kind.
其中几张邮票是不同种类的。
The two boys are of the same age.
这两个男孩年龄相同。
She is of a different way of thinking.
她的思维方式与众不同.
These two kinds of article are of the same price.
这两种物品价格相同。
(5)“be of+名词”也可以表示“来源、组成”。
He was of a poor peasant family.
他出身贫农家庭。
The committee is of seven people.
该委员会由7人组成。
(6)“be of+形容词的最高级”相当于one of.
Mr.Wang is of the best teachers in our school.
=Mr Wang is one of the best teachers in our school.
王老师是我们学校里最好的老师之一。