1) 国名,人名前通常不用定冠词:England,Mary; 2)泛指的复数名词,表示一类人或事物时,可不用定冠词; They are teachers. 他们是教师。 3)抽象名词表示一般概念时,通常不加冠词; Failurefailure;n.失败,失败者;缺乏,失灵;故障,破产,疏忽;(美)不及格;参考例句:He thought of a reason to explain away his failure.他想出一个理由为他的失败辩解。 The cake we made was somewhat of a failure.我们做的蛋糕不大成功。