scarcely和hardly倒装的疑问(He hardly spoke a word.)
2024-10-26 18:20:03 学考宝 作者：佚名
问题描述
scarcely / hardly 遇到单数名词做及物动词的宾语的时候做倒装时可以是:
He hardly spoke a word.
=Hardly a word did he speak.
那这样倒装对不对?
Hardly did he speak a word .
谢谢回答！
老师答疑
蒋老师：
▲在通常情况下，当表示否定意义的副词（如hardly, never, seldom, little, rarely等）被置于句首时，其后的句子用部分倒装的形式（与一般疑问句形式相同）。如：
Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining. 他刚到她就抱怨起来。
Little do they know about her alternative career. 他们对她的另一个职业一无所知。
Never before had he seen so many people starving. 以前他从未见过这么多人挨饿。
Rarely have I seen such a beautiful sunset. 我很少见到这样美丽的日落。
Seldom do we hear such fine singing from school choirs. 我们很少能听到学校的合唱团有如此好的歌唱了。
所以，你的以下倒装方式是对的，这也是最通常的做法：
He hardly spoke a word.
=Hardly did he speak a word.
▲除上面的倒装外，还有与之相似的另一种倒装，即当否定词修饰宾语置于句首时，其后的句子也用部分倒装的形式（与一般疑问句形式相同）。如：
Not a word did they exchange during the meal. 在吃饭时他们一句话也没交谈。
Not a single mistake did I find in your composition. 在你的作文里，我找不到一个错误的地方。
所以你的问题中的以下倒装也是对的：
He hardly spoke a word.
=Hardly a word did he speak.
陈老师：
▲回答如下：
(1) 否定副词放在句首句子使用半倒装结构，即 否定副词+助动词/情态动词+主语，结构
(2) 谓语后面的内容一般不需要倒装
陈述语序为：He hardly spoke a word.
半倒装语序为：Hardly did he speak a word （否定副词+助动词+主语结构）
中文意思：他几乎没有说一句话
▲下面是关于否定词放在句首知识拓展，希望对你有帮助!
【一】当含否定意义的单词(如no,not never, seldom, little ,hardly, scarcely, nowhere, barely, rarely)置于句首时，其后用部分倒装
【结构为:否定副词+助动词/情态动词+主语+主要动词原形/过去分词】
Never have I read such a book.
我从未读过那样的书。
Little do we know his life.
我们对他的生活了解得很少。
Never have I seen such a bad performance.
从未见过如此糟糕的表演
Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.
无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案的。
Hardly had the performance begun when the lights went out.
演出刚开始就停电了。
Little does he realize how important this meeting is.
他不怎么明白这个会议的重要性。
Never has there been such an effort to save whales from extinction.
如此抢救鲸鱼，以使其免于灭绝，是从来没有过的。
Not a single word did she say.
她连一声也没有吭。
Not a soul was there to show us the way.
没有一个人给我们指路。
Not a word did I say to him.
Never before have I met him.
Hardly did I think it possible.
Not a single paper did the scholar write the whole term.
Seldom did the boy read newspaper.
Little do I dream of seeing such wonderful scenery
Never have I found him so happy.
Little does he care about what I said.
I can't swim. Neither can he.
He didn’t do it and neither did I.
He didn’t smoke, nor did he drink
Little did he say at the meeting.
Never shall I forget the day when I joined the Army.
Never shall I forget you.
Little did I understand what he said to me at that time.
Neither do I have a sister nor does my husband.
Neither +主语(1) nor+主语(2)(不倒装,但是谓语采用就近原则)
Neither I nor Tom has an apple
Neitehr Tom nor I have an apple.
【二】当含否定意义的短语(如 not until, not only, no sooner..than, no longer, no more, hardly.....when, by no means ;at no time, on no account, in no case, under no circumstances, under no conditions,in no way,等)置于句首时，其后用部分倒装。
【结构为:否定短语副词+助动词/情态动词+主语+主要动词原形/过去分词】
He couldn't lift the table and no more could I (lift).
他抬不动那张桌子, 我也抬不动。
In no case should you panic.
千万不要惊慌。
On no account should you leave the door unlocked.
你无论如何也不应该不锁门。
Under no conditions shouldn’t we give in.
无论如何我们不应屈服。
In no way can theory be separated from practice.
理论决不能脱离实践。
Under no circumstances can we agree to such a principle.
在任何情况下我们都不能同意这一原则。
“Under no circumstances should a strong nation interfere in the internal affairs of another one, ”he argued back at the debate.
他在辩论中反驳说“在任何情况下, 强国都不该干涉弱国的内政。”
By no means should you tell him about it.
你绝不要告诉他这事。
At no time did he lose his self-control.
他始终没有失去控制力。
On no accounts must this switch be touched.
这个开关是绝不能触摸的。
In [Under] no circumstances will I lend money to him.
无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。
At no time was the man aware of what was happening.
注：in no time(立即，马上)位于句首时，其后无需用倒装语序。如：
In no time he worked out the problem.
他马上就算出了那道题。
