有only修饰的先行词其关系代词一定用that么？
2024-11-15 11:56:27 学考宝 作者：佚名
问题描述
有一下两个题干部分
Nancy is the only one of the visitors that is able to do that.
He is the only one of the foreign experts who is working in China.
请问老师是不是在这种情况下，不一定只能用that，我可以这样理解这种现象么？
谢谢老师。
老师答疑
蒋老师：
当先行词有 only 修饰时，其后的定语从句用什么关系代词来引导，大致遵循以下原则：
1. 若先行词指事物，其后的定语从句通常用 that 来引导。如：
The only thing that keeps me awake is coffee. 能让我保持清醒的只有咖啡。
This is the only painting in this style that we have. 这种风格的画我们仅有这一幅。
但用 which 也不算错，只是比较少见而已（建议学生考虑时不要这样用）。如：
Politics is the only thing which separates us. 我们只是政治观点相左。(摘自牛津词典)
2. 若先行词指人，其后的定语从句既可 that 也可用 who 来引导。如：
He’s the only man that can do it. 他是唯一可以做这事的人。
Man is the only animal that has the faculty of speech. 人类是唯一有说话能力的动物。
He is not the only person who has to be considered 他并非是唯一要考虑的人。
Harry is the only person who can do this trick. 哈利是唯一会这玩意儿的人。
陈老师：
有一下两个题干部分
Nancy is the only one of the visitors that is able to do that.
He is the only one of the foreign experts who is working in China.
请问老师是不是在这种情况下，不一定只能用that，我可以这样理解这种现象么？
谢谢老师。
回答如下：
你的问题可以归纳为以下2点来回答
【1】当先行词被the only, the same ,the very, the last, the best以及the +序数词修饰时，用关系代词that引导定语从句。
This is the same pen that I lost yester.
This is the right pen that I bought yesterday.
【2】当先行词 被of 介词短语修饰现实，即the one /one +of+限定词+名词复数时，如果名词是为表示人的名词，则用who,如果表示事物的名词，则用that
This is one of the pens that I bought yesterday.（先行词为表示物的名词，关系代词用that）
She is one of the persons who can speak English.（先行词为表示人的名词关系代词用who）
A. the only one of 限定词+名词复数，其关系代词所代替的先行词为the only one,因此其定语从句谓语用单数
He is the only one of the persons who is from China.
B. one of 限定词+名词复数，其关系代词所代替的先行词为介词of后面名词复数,因此其定语从句谓语用复数数
She is one of the persons who are from China.
