fell flat是动词短语吗

问题描述

He immediately fell flat on his back.

句子如何译？on his back 作状语修饰动词短语？

老师答疑

刘老师：

He immediately fell flat on his back.

【翻译】他立刻仰面平躺着。

【分析】fall flat：fall是系动词，flat是形容词。看作系表结构也可，看作固定短语也可。

fall 用作系动词，多跟一些偶然性的不可预期的形容词连用：

fall ill   生病

fall asleep  入睡

fall flat  失败；失效

关于on his back 这个短语的用法和意义，分析如下：

从on one's back 看on 的一个特殊用法

有本书上说 on one’s back 有两个意思：一是表示“在背上”，二是表示“仰着身子”。如何理解它表示“仰着身子”的含义呢？

这是一个很有意思的问题。介词on表示位置时，意为“在......上面”，指两个物体接触。on one’s back指“（物体）在人的后背上”。例如：

1. The tourist carried a pack on his back.  观光旅行者背了个包。

2. The old man bent with a heavy burden on his back.  老人因背著重负而弯腰。

3. The burden on his back seemed to be crushing him to the earth.  他背上的重负似乎要把他压倒在地。

4. I patted him on his back, and told him what a brave boy he was.  我拍了拍他的后背，称赞他是个勇敢的孩子。

5. The man with a sack on his back is a farmer.  背着一个大布袋的人是个农民。

此外，on 还有一个重要的用法，就是，“（身体重量）由（某部位）支撑”： You use on to say what part of your body is supporting your weight.  

这类短语名词一般是人的身体部位，与lie, stand, stay, remain, fall，be等动词连用。on one’s back 当跟动词lie连用时，即lie on one’s back表示“仰着身子”，这时候的on，即表示“由......支撑”。这就是你句子中的用法。

例如：

1. He continued to lie on his back and look at the clouds. 他仍旧仰卧着，望着天上的云彩。

2. He raised himself on his elbows, squinting into the sun. 用胳膊肘支起身子，眯着眼睛看了看太阳。

3. The man was on her hands and knees in the bathroom. 那个人趴在浴室的地上。

4. When he woke up, he tried to stand on his feet, but he failed. 当他醒来要努力站起来时,但他失败了。

5. The wind was so strong that little Hans found it difficult to stand on his feet. 风这样猛烈，小汉斯感到自己站也站不住。

6. In a busy gasoline station, the attendant is on his feet all day. 在忙碌的加油站，工作人员整天都走动着。

7. After six whiskies Harry was finding it difficult to stay on his feet. 6杯威士忌下肚，哈里两腿站不住了。

8. He stood on his head to make the baby laugh. 他倒立着使婴儿发笑。  

9. In return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs. 这个乞丐倒立着唱了几支歌作为报答。

10. He lay on his stomach, making an earnest business of sleeping. 他这会儿趴在床上，看样子好象睡得正熟呢。

11. He crawled on his hands and knees for 100 metres. 他爬行了100米。

12. He lay on his back, his hands behind his head. 他仰卧着，双手扣着后脑勺。

13. He tried to stand on his head but couldn't. 他试图倒立，但没有成功。

14. The old man is not steady on his legs. 这位老人站不稳。

15. He was lying on his chest and then turned over to look up at the sky.  他先是趴着，后来翻身仰面朝天。

陈老师：

He immediately fell flat on his back.

句子如何译？on his back 作状语修饰动词短语？

是的，修饰谓语fell flat, fall为系动词+形容词用法

(1) fall+形容词

When does the rent fall due?   
租金何时到期?

One after another, all of them fell asleep.   
那些人一个接一个地睡着了。

His horse fell lame.   
他的马跛了。

A bullet struck his head and he fell dead on the spot.   
他的头部中弹,当场死亡。

His voice choked at the painful memory and he fell silent.   
这些痛苦的回忆使他声音哽咽,他沉默下来。

The poor performance fell flat.   
蹩脚的表演彻底失败了。

His joke fell flat because nobody understood it.   
他的笑话没有奏效,因为大家理解不了。

The director fell ill in the middle of the meeting, and had to be taken to hospital.   
该董事长在会议中途病了,只得被送进医院。

After she came back home, she fell ill.   
她到家里后就生病了。

(2)on one's back仰卧

The tramp carried his belongings in a pack on his back.
那个流浪者把所有的东西捆成一包背在背上。

He said in a low voice, both his hands (being) on his back.
他低声地说，他的双手放在背后。

The burden on his back seemed to be crushing him to the earth.
他背上的重负似乎要把他压倒在地。

The traveler took out a bottle of water from the pack on his back.
那位旅行者从他的背包中拿出了一瓶水。

I saw weals raise on his back.
我看到鞭痕从他背上隆起。

He lay on his back and looked up at the sky.
他仰卧著观看天空。

(3)on one's back  在某人背上 

The injured man was lying motionless on his back.  

那名受伤的男子一动不动地仰面躺在那里。

 He continued to lie on his back and look at clouds.  

他仍旧仰卧着，望着天上的云彩。

 He then keeled over and fell flat on his back.  

然后，他便仰天倒下了。

 The baby lay on his back with his eyes closed tight.  

那个婴儿仰面躺着，两眼紧闭。

I turned him over on his back.  

我把他背朝下翻过身来。

 Her son was lying peacefully on his back.  

她儿子安静地仰面躺着。

 He could feel the heat of the sun on his back.  

他能感觉到太阳照射在背上的热度。

 The climber carried some food in a pack on his back.  

那名登山者背着一袋食品.