这个现在分词作什么成分（是目的状语吗）

问题描述

She created a website page, matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help.

句子来自2016年高考题北京卷的阅读理解题。请问句子中的现在分词短语matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help是什么成分？是目的状语吗？句子如何翻译?谢谢!

老师答疑

蒋老师：

看了两位教师的解答，我觉得都有一定道理。但我同 Webster 老师一样，也认为现在分词通常不能用作目的状语，我想到的一个最基本的情况是：许多考查不定式作目的状语的考题都用现在分词作了干扰项，如果现在分词也可以用作目的状语，那么考查不定式作目的状语的高考题不是也可以现在分词了吗？——这是一个问题！

比如下面的均为高考题，命题人在考查不定式作目的状语时，均使用了现在分词作干扰项：

1. ____C____ ourselves from the physical and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and inner quietness. (2014湖南卷)

A. Having freed         B. Freed                   C. To free                 D. Freeing

2. ____C____ the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times. (2014陕西卷)

A. Working out         B. Worked out           C. To work out          D. Work out

3. Group activities will be organized after class ___D___ children develop team spirit. (2014重庆卷)

A. helping                 B. having helped        C. helped                  D. to help

4. ___B___ the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.(2015北京卷)

A. Catching               B. Caught                   C. To catch              D. Catch

5. ___C____ more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course. (2015福建卷)

A. Learn                  B. Learned                    C. To learn              D. To be learning

个人看法，不一定对，不妥之处请各位老师指正！

W老师：

这里的现在分词短语不是目的状语（除了类似 go fishing 这类结构外，现在分词一般不用作目的状语），可以理解为同位语，用于补充说明 website page 的作用。

句子翻译：

她创建了一个网页，让那些需要帮助的幸存者与那些愿意提供帮助的捐赠者方便联系。

张老师：

She created a website page , matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help.

【参考译文】

她创建了一个网页, 用以联系( 即匹配) 有需求的幸存者和想帮助他人的捐赠者。

【参考解析】

从所附全文意义及译文来看，分析为目的状语更符合句子的本质。赵振才教授在其大作

《初高中英语考点难点详解词典》学生教师版 p739 专门讲述了现在分词作目的状语，并且明确指出这种情况在美国英语里尤其常见。下面引述该词典中的两个例句加以说明：

1.The six blind men stood there begging for a meal.（ begging for a meal = in order to beg for a meal）六位乞丐站在那儿讨饭。

2.I bound the base of the tree with sticky tape, making it possible for the ants to reach the aphids. （, making it possible = in order to make it possible）我用胶带把树干底部捆扎起来，使蚂蚁不能到达那里。

很显然She created a website page, matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help. (,matching = in order to match)

董老师：

张老师，我赞同您把此问题的句子分析为目的状语，但有一点不明白，请教：

您给出的第二个句子。译文“使蚂蚁不能到达那里”与原文“making it possible for the ants to reach the aphids”似乎不符，原文没有否定的意思。

陈老师：

【一】

She created a website page, matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help.

句子来自2016年高考题北京卷的阅读理解题。请问句子中的现在分词短语matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help是什么成分？是目的状语吗？句子如何翻译?谢谢!

赞同Webster的解答，这里的现在分词不是作目的状语，现在分词作状语，一般可以归纳以下几种状语

【1】作原因状语

Being ill,she didn't go to school today.

=As she is ill,she didn't go to school today.

Having seen the film, he didn't go to the cinema with them.

=Because he had seen the film, he didn't go to the cinema with them.

Being a teacher，you should help your students in every way.

Being poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set.  

Not knowing her address, I can't write to her.

Having lived with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well.

Having eaten too much, he couldn’t go to sleep. 

【2】作时间状语

Turning around , she saw an ambulance driving up.

=When she turned around, she saw an ambulance driving up.

Seeing my parents waving in the crowd，I went running to them.

Crossing the road, the old man was knocked over by a car.

=When he was crossing the road, the old man was knocked over by a car.

(When) Hearing the news, he got frightened.

= When he heard the news, he got frightened.

Having eaten his dinner, the boy rushed out.

Hearing their teacher's voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.

Having received his letter, I decided to write back.

【3】作结果状语

The old man died, leaving nothing but debts.

There is mud and water everywhere, making it difficult to travel from place to place.

He comes home late every evening, making his wife very angry.

=He comes home late every evening, which makes his wife very angry.

=He comes home late every evening, and it makes his wife very angry.

 Mary failed all her exams, making both her parents very angry.

European football is played in more than80countries,making it one of the most popular games in the world.

The child slipped and fell, hitting his head against the door.

Her husband died ten years ago, leaving her with three children to look after.

Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay.

She threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces.

The song is sung all over the country, making it the most popular song

The child fell, striking his head against the door and cutting it.

【4】作条件状语

Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time.

Listening to English every day （If you listen to English every day）， you’ll learn it well step by step.

Using your head, you’ll find a good way. 

Working hard, you’ll surely succeed.

Working hard, you'll succeed.

Taking the path that leads out of the town, you will come to a lake.

Turning to the left, you will find the path leading to the park.

【5】作让步状语

 Working so hard, he failed again.

Living miles away, he attended the course. 

Defeated, he remained a popular boxer. （过去分词作让步状语）

=Thought he was defeated, he remained a popular boxer.

【6】作方式状语

He came running back to tell me the news.

The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily.

They eat using the fingers of their right hands.

He earns a living driving a truck.

【7】伴随状语或者补充说明等

The students went away, running and laughing.

Four people entered the room looking around in a curious way.

= Four people entered the room and looked around in a curious way.    

The boy sat in front of the farmhouse, cutting the branch.

All night long he lay awake, thinking of the problem.

The six blind men stood there begging for a meal.

He sat in the armchair, reading a newspaper.

They stood there for half an hour watching the stars in the sky.

He sat in the chair reading a newspaper. 

Don't you sit there doing nothing.