2023-2024学年湖南省娄底市八年级（上）期末英语试卷（含解析）

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2023-2024学年湖南省娄底市八年级（上）期末英语试卷
一、完形填空：本大题共10小题，共10分。
Walt Disney was born in 1901.Mickey Mouse made （1） ______ very famous.He died in1966，（ 2） ______ his works（作品） and dreams did not die.Now people all over the world enjoy his （3） ______ .
Walt Disney （4） ______ lost hope easily.One summer，he wanted to （5） ______ a job in a post office.They told him that he was too young.He went home and （6） ______ his father's clothes.Then he went back to the same （7） ______ and got the job.
Later in his life，Ms.Disney dreamed to （8） ______ a new kind of amusement park.There would be rides for children and nice hotels for adults.It would be fun for people of all ages.Everyone thought it was （9） ______ to build such a park.However，Disney did not think so.In1955，the amusement park—Disneyland—（ 10） ______ and became more successful than other amusement parks in the USA.
1.A. him B. her C. them
2.A. and B. but C. or
3.A. music B. cartoons C. paintings
4.A. always B. sometimes C. never
5.A. find B. offer C. invent
6.A. put up B. put off C. put on
7.A. office B. farm C. park
8.A. buy B. build C. change
9.A. creative B. exciting C. impossible
10.A. opened B. lost C. happened
二、补全对话-填空：本大题共1小题，共10分。
11.Students these days often have a lot of worries.Sometimes they have problems with their schoolwork.（1） ______ What can they do about this？
Some people believe the worst thing is to do nothing.Laura Mills，a teenager from London，agrees."Problems and worries are normal in life，"says Laura."（2） ______ If we talk to someone，we'll certainly feel better."
（ 3） ______ She worried for days and was afraid to tell her parents about it.She even walked three miles to school each day because she didn't have any money.She just kept thinking，"If I tell my parents，they'll be angry!"In the end，she talked to her parents.（4） ______ Her dad even said he sometimes made careless mistakes himself.They got her a new wallet and asked her to be more careful."（5） ______ "Laura says.
A.Laura once lost her wallet.
B.They were really understanding.
C.But talking to someone helps a lot.
D.This person doesn't need to be an expert.
E.I will always remember to share my problems.
F.Sometimes they have problems with their friends.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
三、阅读理解：本大题共12小题，共26分。
A
Yunnan Rice Noodles In Yunnan，many people eat rice noodles for breakfast，and even for lunch and dinner.
To make this special food，you need to have rice noodles，chicken soup，chicken，lettuce and eggs.
First，wash the lettuce and cut it up.Next，cut the chicken into pieces.Then，make the chicken soup very hot，over 100℃.Cook the eggs，meat and lettuce in the pot of hot soup，one by one.Finally，put the rice noodles into the soup.
Now，it's time to enjoy the rice noodles!
12.People usually eat rice noodles in ______ .
A. Henan
B. Hunan
C. Yunnan （2） ______ kinds of ingredients（材料） are needed to make the rice noodles. A.4 B.5 C.6
13.Which of the steps is wrong？ ______
A. Make the chicken soup 100℃.
B. Cut the chicken into small pieces.
C. Put the rice noodles into the soup at last.
B
In a community（社区） in Changsha，Hunan，there is a special hair salon（理发店）.The owner is 71-year-old Tang Jinlian from Yongzhou，Hunan.
The salon is open from 8：30 a.m.to noon，serving around 10 people every day.Tang only asks for three yuan for each haircut（理发）.
Tang's daughter became ill when she was three.Because of this，Tang and her daughter got a lot of help from others.To give back to others，Tang learned how to cut hair and hoped to serve others.
In 2004，Tang's son came to work in Changsha.Tang and her daughter followed.At first，Tang set up a hairdressing stall（理发摊） at a vegetable market.Later she moved the stall to Lufeng Community，Changsha.But it was too small and few people wanted to come.Finally，the community workers helped her.In 2015，they turned a garage（车库） into a hair salon for Tang to use.
Tang said，"In the past，many people helped me.Now I want to help more people."
14.The salon is open ______ .
A. in the morning B. in the afternoon C. in the evening
15.When Tang's daughter was 3 years old， ______ .
A. she was shy and thin
B. she was healthy and happy
C. she got much help from others
16.The underlined words "give back to" mean ______ in Chinese.
A. 返回 B. 回报 C. 给予
17.We can learn from the passage that ______ .
A. the community workers helped Tang set up his hair salon
B. Tang set up a hairdressing stall in Lufeng Community at first
C. Tang，her son and daughter come to Changsha at the same time
18.Which is the following is the best title（标题） for the passage？ ______
A. A special hair salon. B. Tang and her family.
C. Tang's life in Changsha.
C
No one can be sure what the weather will be like in the future，but many people think there will be some changes.
Scientists say that in many places it will be much hotter，and it will rain less.Some countries in Africa will become very dry all year around，and it will be almost impossible for people to find food and water.In Southern Europe and the United States，it will be more difficult for plants to grow.
Scientists also say that the temperature will go up at least 2℃.Then the ice in the Arctic（北极） will melt（融化） in the next hundred years.And a lot of the animals there will die.There will also be more water in the sea，so cities near the sea will disappear（消失）.
Another problem is that there will be more hurricanes and typhoons（飓风和台风）.Scientists say they will happen over the world.Many people will probably lose their homes.
19.Some countries in ______ will become very dry all year around.
A. America B. Africa C. Europe
20.It will be ______ for plants to grow in the future in the United States.
A. easier B. harder C. safer
21.Scientists think that the temperature will ______ .
A. go up B. go down C. not change
22.Which of the following is NOT right according to the passage？ ______
A. Cities near the sea will probably disappear.
B. Hurricanes and typhoons might happen over the world.
C. Scientists are sure what the weather will be like in the future.
23.This passage is probably from a magazine about ______ .
A. health B. sports C. nature
四、阅读判断：本大题共1小题，共4分。
24.Supermarket Survey（调查）
Supermarket D.L.C L.L. L.E.L
Size 340m2 260m2 180m2
Service ☆☆☆ ☆☆☆☆ ☆☆☆
Freshness （新鲜度） of food ☆☆☆☆ ☆☆☆ ☆☆☆
（1） ______ is the largest of the three supermarkets.
A.D.L.C.
B.L.L.
C.L.E.L.
（2）What can we know about L.L.？ ______
A.It is the most popular.
B.It has the best service.
C.It has the freshest food.
五、任务型阅读-多任务混合：本大题共1小题，共10分。
25.Robots are helpful in people's lives.（4） 它们能帮助人们做很多家务。Also，they can work in restaurants，such as sending food to people.But do you know that some robots can play a part in repairing railways（修铁路）？
In Japan，engineers built a very special robot in 2022.The special robot can do difficult and dangerous work.In the past，workers sometimes fell from high places when they repaired railways.However，with the help of this kind of robots，workers can be safe and have more free time.
Now this kind of robots helps only in a few places in Japan.（5） Engineers plan to improve it.And they want to put it into full service by early 2024.
Think about what will happen in the future if we also have this kind of robot.I think this must be good news for many railway workers.
根据短文内容，用简要答语回答下面三个问题。
(1) Are robots helpful in restaurants？
______
(2) When did engineers in Japan build the special robot？
______
(3) What do you think the robots will be like in the future？
______
将短文中划线的两个句子翻译成中文或英文。
（4） ______
（5） ______
六、阅读填空：本大题共1小题，共10分。
26.Wang Ping is a middle school student.Last Saturday was her （1） ______ （fourteen） birthday.Her parents （2） ______ （have） a party for her and she got a lot of gifts.
Her grandparents gave （3） ______ （she） a MatePad.Grandma said，"You （4） ______ study English on it every day."Her best friend gave her （5） ______ dictionary.What about her mom？Well，she gave her a few （6） ______ （book）.Wang Ping liked all the gifts very much，but her favorite was the skateboard （滑板） from her father.
After the party，Wang Ping took the skateboard，ran out of the house and started （7） ______ （ride） on it.She tried many （8） ______ （time），but she kept falling off it.（9） ______ （final），she wanted to give up."Dear，believe me!（10） ______ you try a few more times，you will be able to ride on it，"her father said.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
七、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共10分。
27.假设你所在的国际学校即将开展"体育运动周"。为办好这次活动，学校上周针对学生的运动情况，选取了500名学生进行了问卷调查，调查结果如下。作为校报记者，你需要据此写一篇英文报道。请根据以下要点与要求完成报道。
要点：（ 1）调查结果；
（2）你对此的看法。
要求：（ 1）文中不能出现真实姓名；
（2）要求包含所有要点提示，为了行文需要，可适当拓展和增加要点；
（3）不少于60个单词（文章的开头已经给出，不计入总词数）。
Our school asked 500 hundred students how often they exercise.Here are the results._____
答案和解析
1~10.【答案】A、B、B、C、A、C、A、B、C、A
【解析】（1）考查代词。句意：米老鼠使他非常出名。him他；her她；them他们。此处指"Walt Disney"用him代替，故选A。
（2）考查连词。句意：他于1966年去世，但他的作品和梦想并没有消失。and和；but但是；or或者。根据语境可知，前后两句构成转折关系，用but连接，故选B。
（3）考查名词。句意：现在全世界的人都喜欢他的卡通动画。music音乐；cartoons卡通动画；paintings画。根据"Now people all over the world enjoy his..."（现在全世界的人都喜欢他的）和常识可知，全世界的人都喜欢沃特 迪士尼的卡通动画，故选B。
（4）考查副词。句意：沃尔特 迪士尼从未轻易失去希望。always总是；sometimes有时；never从不。根据语境可知，沃尔特 迪士尼从未轻易失去希望。故选C。
（5）考查动词。句意：有一年夏天，他想在邮局找份工作。find发现；offer提供；invent发明。根据"a job in a post office"（在邮局工作）可知，他想在邮局找份工作。故选A。
（6）考查动词短语。句意：他回到家，穿上父亲的衣服。put up张贴；put off推迟；put on穿上。根据"his father's clothes.（父亲的衣服）"可知，人家说他年轻，他便回家穿上父亲的衣服，故选C。
（7）考查名词。句意：然后他又回到了那个办公室，得到了那份工作。office办公室；farm农场；park公园。根据"They told him that he was too young."（他们告诉他，他太年轻了。）可知，他又回到了那个办公室，故选A。
（8）考查动词。句意：在他生命的后期，迪士尼梦想着建造一种新型的游乐园。buy买；build建立；change改变。根据"a new kind of amusement park."（一种新型的游乐园）可知，迪士尼梦想着建造一种新型的游乐园。故选B。
（9）考查形容词。句意：每个人都认为建造这样一个公园是不可能的。creative有创意的；exciting激动的；impossible不可能的。根据" However，Disney did not think so."（然而，迪士尼并不这么认为。）可知，虽然人们认为建造这样一个公园是不可能的，但是他做到了。故选C。
（10）考查动词。句意：1955年，迪士尼乐园开业，比美国其他游乐园都要成功。opened打开；lost丢失；happened发生。根据"became more successful than other amusement parks in the USA."（比美国其他游乐园更成功）可知，迪士尼乐园开业，比美国其他游乐园都要成功。故选A。
本文主要讲了沃特 迪士尼建造迪士尼乐园的故事。
首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。
11.【答案】【小题1】F
【小题2】C
【小题3】A
【小题4】B
【小题5】E
【解析】（1）细节推理题。根据上文Sometimes they have problems with their schoolwork.（有时他们的功课有问题。）可知介绍的是他们的麻烦，F.有时他们和朋友之间有问题。符合语境，故选F。
（2）细节推理题。根据下文If we talk to someone，we'll certainly feel better.（如果我们和某人交谈，我们肯定会感觉好些。）可知介绍的是和某人交谈的好处，C.但是和某人交谈帮助很大。符合语境，故选C。
（3）细节推理题。根据下文She worried for days and was afraid to tell her parents about it.She even walked three miles to school each day because she didn't have any money.（她担心了好几天，不敢告诉父母这件事。因为没有钱，她甚至每天步行三英里去上学。）可知这里分享的是她的故事，A.劳拉有一次丢了钱包。符合语境，故选A。
（4）细节推理题。根据上文In the end，she talked to her parents.（最后，她和父母谈了起来。）可知这时是和父母交谈的好处，B.他们真的很理解。符合语境，故选B。
（5）细节推理题。根据上文Her dad even said he sometimes made careless mistakes himself.They got her a new wallet and asked her to be more careful.（她的父亲甚至说他自己有时也会犯一些粗心的错误。他们给她买了一个新钱包，要求她多加小心。）可知介绍的是和父母交谈的好处，E.我将永远记得分享我的问题。符合语境，故选E。
这篇短文主要写了学生们面临问题和忧虑时可以通过与他人交谈来解决。劳拉曾丢失钱包，她担心告诉父母会惹他们生气，但最终还是与他们交谈，得到理解和帮助。她认为，与他人交谈可以帮助缓解问题和忧虑。
首先通读全文，了解文章大意；其次掌握每段的主旨大意，并选出中心句；最后要再次阅读文章检查，避免错误。
12~13.【答案】C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第1段In Yunnan，many people eat rice noodles for breakfast，and even for lunch and dinner.（在云南，许多人早餐吃米粉，甚至午餐和晚餐也吃米线。）可知在云南人们经常吃米线，故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第2段To make this special food，you need to have rice noodles，chicken soup，chicken，lettuce and eggs.（要做这种特殊的食物，你需要米粉、鸡汤、鸡肉、生菜和鸡蛋。）可知需要5种食物，故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第3段Then，make the chicken soup very hot，over 100℃.（然后，把鸡汤煮得很热，超过100摄氏度。）可知把鸡汤煮得超过100摄氏度，不是100度，故选A。
云南米线是一种特色食物，许多人在早餐、午餐甚至晚餐都会吃。制作这道食物需要米线、鸡汤、鸡肉、生菜和鸡蛋。首先，洗净生菜并切碎，然后将鸡肉切成块。接着，将鸡汤煮至100℃以上，依次将鸡蛋、肉和生菜放入煮沸的汤中。最后，将米线放入汤中即可享用。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
14~18.【答案】A、C、B、A、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第2段"The salon is open from 8：30 a.m.to noon"（理发店的营业时间是早上8点半到中午）可知，理发店只开一上午，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第3段"Tang's daughter became ill when she was three.Because of this，Tang and her daughter got a lot of help from others.To give back to others，Tang learned how to cut hair and hoped to serve others."（唐的女儿三岁时生病了。正因为如此，唐和她的女儿得到了很多别人的帮助。为了回馈他人，唐学会了理发，并希望为他人服务。）可知，唐的女儿三岁时病了。正因为如此，唐和她的女儿得到了很多别人的帮助。故选C。
（3）词义猜测题。根据第段"Because of this，Tang and her daughter got a lot of help from others.To give back to others，Tang learned how to cut hair and hoped to serve others."（唐的女儿三岁时生病了。正因为如此，唐和她的女儿得到了很多别人的帮助。为了回馈他人，唐学会了理发，并希望为他人服务。）可知，正因为如此，唐和她的女儿得到了很多别人的帮助。唐学会了理发，并希望为他人服务，所以是为了回报他人，give back to应该是回报的意思，故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据第4段"Finally，the community workers helped her.In 2015，they turned a garage（车库） into a hair salon for Tang to use."（最后，社区工作人员帮助了她。2015年，他们把一个车库变成了一个美发沙龙，供唐使用。）可知，社区工作人员帮助唐建立了他的发廊。故选A。
（5）标题归纳题。本文主要介绍一位71岁的老人在社区开了一家特殊的理发店，她是为了回报社会。选项A"一家特别的美发沙龙"符合主题，故选A。
本文主要介绍一位71岁的老人在社区开了一家特殊的理发店，她是为了回报社会。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
19~23.【答案】B、B、A、C、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第2段"Some countries in Africa will become very dry all year around"（非洲的一些国家将全年变得非常干燥）可知，非洲的一些国家全年都会变得非常干燥，故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第2段"In Southern Europe and the United States，it will be more difficult for plants to grow."（在南欧和美国，植物将更难生长。）可知，在南欧和美国，植物的生长将更加困难。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第2段"Scientists also say that the temperature will go up at least 2℃."（科学家还表示气温将上升至少2℃。）可知，科学家还表示，气温将至少上升2℃。故选A。
（4）细节理解题。根据第3段"There will also be more water in the sea，so cities near the sea will disappear （消失）."（海洋中也会有更多的水，所以海边的城市将会消失。）和第4段"Another problem is that there will be more hurricanes and typhoons （飓风和台风）.Scientists say they will happen over the world."（另一个问题是会有更多的飓风和台风。科学家说它们将在世界各地发生。）可知，靠海的城市可能会消失，飓风和台风可能会发生在世界各地。没有说科学家们确信未来的天气会是什么样子，故选C。
（5）推理判断题。通读全文本文描述了因气候变化导致温度升高等一系列问题，与自然相关，故选C。
短文说的是未来的天气可能会发生一些变化，科学家预测气温会上升至少2℃，导致北极的冰雪融化，许多动物将会死亡。此外，全球范围内将会出现更多的飓风和台风，许多人可能会失去家园。另外，许多地方将会变得更加干燥，导致食物和水资源的匮乏。城市也将会因为海平面上升而消失。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
24.【答案】A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据表格第2行"Size"可知，D.L.C.的面积最大，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据表格第3行"Service"可知，L.L.的服务评分最高，所以它的服务最好，故选B。
这篇短文主要是一份超市调查报告，表格中列出了三家超市的大小、服务和食品新鲜度等方面的评分。其中，L.L.超市在服务和食品新鲜度方面得分较高，但规模较小；另外两家超市在这些方面得分相对较低。整体来看，L.L.超市在调查中表现较为出色。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
25.【答案】【小题1】Yes （，they are）.
【小题2】In 2022.
【小题3】They may be able to think like humans.
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第1段"Robots are helpful in people's lives.Also，they can work in restaurants，such as sending food to people."（机器人对人们的生活很有帮助。此外，他们还可以在餐馆工作，比如给人们送食物。）可知，机器人在餐馆有帮助，故填Yes （，they are）.
（2）细节理解题。根据第2段"In Japan，engineers built a very special robot in 2022."（在日本，工程师们在2022年制造了一个非常特殊的机器人。）可知，在日本，工程师们在2022年制造了一个非常特殊的机器人。故填In 2022.（3）主观表达题。本题属于开放性试题，言之有理即可。他们也许能够像人类一样思考。故填They may be able to think like humans.
（4）汉译英题。它们they，能can，帮助人们做很多家务help people do a lot of housework。故填They can help people do a lot of housework.
（5）英译汉题。Engineers工程师，plan to do sth计划做某事，improve it对它加以改进。故填：工程师计划对它加以改进。
本文向我们介绍一种可以做困难和危险的工作的机器人。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
26.【答案】【小题1】fourteenth
【小题2】had
【小题3】her
【小题4】can
【小题5】a
【小题6】books
【小题7】riding/to ride
【小题8】times
【小题9】Finally
【小题10】If
【解析】（1）考查数词。句意：上周六是她14岁生日。此处作定语修饰"birthday"，用序数词形式，故填fourteenth。
（2）考查动词。句意：她的父母为她举办了一个聚会，她收到了很多礼物。时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填had。
（3）考查代词。句意：她的祖父母给了她一个MatePad。此处在动词后作宾语，用宾格，故填her。
（4）考查情态动词。句意：你可以每天在上面学英语。根据语境可知，可以在上面学英语，can"可以"符合语境，故填can。
（5）考查冠词。句意：她最好的朋友送给她一本字典。此处泛指一本字典，"dictionary"首字母发辅音音素，故填a。
（6）考查名词。句意：嗯，她给了她几本书。a few修饰可数名词复数，故填books。
（7）考查动词。句意：晚会结束后，王萍拿起滑板，跑出房子，开始玩滑板。start doing/to do sth"开始做某事"，故填riding/to ride。
（8）考查名词。句意：她试了很多次，但她总是从上面掉下来。many修饰可数名词复数，故填times。
（9）考查副词。句意：最后，她想放弃了。此处在句中修饰整个句子，用副词形式，句首需大写首字母，故填Finally。
（10）考查连词。句意：如果你多试几次，你就能骑上去了。"you try a few more times"是"you will be able to ride on it"的条件，用if引导条件状语从句，句首需大写首字母，故填If。
本文介绍王萍生日当天收到很多礼物，并介绍聚会后王萍练习滑板。
语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。
27.【答案】 Our school asked 500 hundred students how often they exercise.Here are the results.The results indicate that 15% of the students do exercise every day.【高分句型一】20% of the students engage in no exercise.20% of the students do exercise one to three times a week.45% of the students do exercise four to six times a week.（描述调查结果）
These findings underscore the importance of promoting regular physical activity among our student body.The high percentage of inactive students is a concern，highlighting the need for more awareness towards a healthier lifestyle.On the other hand，the significant proportion of students exercising regularly is heartening.Our Sports Activity Week is an excellent opportunity to encourage everyone to participate and enjoy the benefits of a healthy lifestyle.【高分句型二】（表达看法）
【解析】【高分句型一】
The results indicate that 15% of the students do exercise every day.
翻译：结果表明，15%的学生每天锻炼。
分析：句子中应用了that引导的宾语从句。
【高分句型二】
Our Sports Activity Week is an excellent opportunity to encourage everyone to participate and enjoy the benefits of a healthy lifestyle.
翻译：我们的体育活动周是一个极好的机会，鼓励大家参与和享受健康生活方式的好处。
分析：句子中应用了不定式作后置定语的用法。
这是一篇提纲作文，题目要求围绕提示内容写作，命题既有限制又给予学生发挥的空间。在写作中要综合运用所学知识，适当运用连词、副词等进行过渡。
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