whichever与whoever的区别
2024-12-11 16:54:09 学考宝 作者：佚名
问题描述
______ of us survives, will do so for us both.
A. whichever B. whoever
请问如何选？whichever与whoever在此如何区别？
老师答疑
刘老师：
______ of us survives, will do so for us both.
A. whichever B. whoever
【答】正确答案为A。扼要回答这个问题：
which 表示“选择”，可以跟表示范围的of 短语，可以指人也可以指物。
who 不表示“选择”，无法跟表示范围的of 短语，一般都是指人。
同理，whichever 和whoever 也具备这个特征，ever 只是加强语气而已。
which of 的例句：
Which of you has made the most mistakes?
你们当中谁错得最多?
Time will show which of us is in the right.
我俩谁是谁非，日久自明。
Which of you is the baby of the family?
你们当中谁是家中年龄最小的人?
Which of the two methods is superior?
这两种方法哪一种好?
They drew lots to decide which of them should go first.
他们以抽签方式来决定谁先去。
She asked which of the two lamps shone brighter.
她问这两盏灯哪一盏照得更亮。
Which of the boys were you talking to?
你在跟哪一个男孩子说话?
Which of the two boys is your brother ?
这两个男孩哪个是你兄弟?
whichever of 的例句：
Whichever of them are you going to help?
你究竟帮助他们当中的哪一个?
Whichever of these children is yours?
这些孩子到底哪个是你的?
Whichever of us gets home first starts cooking .
我们中的哪个人先到家谁就开始做饭。
I' ll give it to whichever of you wants it.
你们之中随便谁要，我就给谁。
Whichever of you comes first will receive a prize.
你们谁第一谁就能得奖。
Whichever of them gains the most points wins.
他们中哪一个得分最多,哪一个就赢。
Choose whichever of them you like best.
选一个你最喜欢的吧。
曹老师：
赞同刘老师的解答。再补充一点。whichever和whoever的区别类似于which和who的区别，这是指人。which和what的区别是指物，又与which和who的区别类似。我举一例子说明二者的区别。有客人到你家，你打开冰箱，里面有汽水、水、啤酒。你问客人：Which would you like to drink?客人会明白。你是让他在在汽水、水、啤酒中间选择。即which用于在听说双方所共识的范围内做选择。如果你不小心问客人：What would you like to drink? 客人一听，没限制范围，好啊！于是他可能会说：I would like some XO, please. 你就去买吧。所以，英语学的不好很费钱的。
陈老师：
______ of us survives, will do so for us both.
A. whichever (既可指人，又可以指物，指人/事物，必须有限定词加以修饰限定，表示在特定范围选择，可与介词of连用）
B. whoever (只可以指人/事物，不需要有限定词加以修饰限定，不表示在特定范围选择，不可与介词of连用）
请问如何选？whichever与whoever在此如何区别？
(1)whichever=any one which/that
(强调在表示特定范围人/事物进行选择） （可以与介词of 一起连用)
(意思为：无论哪一个/不管哪一个；whichever of +名词/代词 结构）
(2)whoever=anyone who/that（没有特点范围进行选择意味）
anyone 不能与介词of 一起连用
（意思：无论谁，不管谁）
答案解析：A 为正确答案。
Whichever of us survives will do so for us both.
参考译文：我们两个无论哪个还活着都会为双方这样做。
备注(1)：whichever属于which加强版
(1)简单句；意思为“到底哪个；究竟哪个”
注意以下2个句子区别
Which do you want ?（一般询问）
你想要哪一个？
Whichever do you want ?（不耐烦询问）
你到底/究竟想要哪一个？
(2)复合句：意思为“无论哪个，不管哪个”
备注(2)：whoever属于who加强版
(1)简单句；意思为“到底谁；究竟谁”
Who are you ?（一般询问）
你是谁？
Whoever are you ?（不耐烦询问）
你到底/究竟是谁？
(2)复合句：意思为“无论谁，不管谁”
【1】whichever/whoever的用法
whichever/whoever有两个用法，一是引导名词性从句（如主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句），二是用于引导让步状语从句。
(1)用于引导名词性从句
Buy whichever is cheapest.
买最便宜的。
Take whichever you like.
哪个你喜欢你就拿哪个。
Whichever you want is yours.
你要哪个哪个就是你的。
You can take whichever you like.
你爱拿哪个就拿哪个吧。
Take whichever seat you like.
你要坐哪个座就坐哪个座位。
I’ll take whichever books you don’t want.
你不要的任何书我都要。
Whichever (of you) comes in first will receive a prize.
无论(你们)谁先到都可以得奖。
Whichever of them gains the most points wins.
他们中哪一个得分最多，哪一个就赢。
Whichever of us gets home first starts cooking.
我们当中不管谁先到家，就开始做饭。
Both sides have agreed to recognize whichever group wins a majority vote.
无论哪一派获得多数票，双方都同意予以认可。
Whichever of us survives will do so for us both.
我们两个无论哪个还活着都会为双方这样做。
Whoever gets home first starts cooking the supper.
谁先到家，谁就开始做晚饭
Whoever wants the book may have it.
谁想要这本书都可以拿。
I'll take whoever wants to go.
谁要去我就带谁去。
I'll find the person who did this, whoever he is.
我要找出干这件事的人,不管他是谁。
Whoever could have done such a dreadful thing?
究竟是谁能干出这种可怕的事呢?
Whoever leaves the office should tell me.
无论是谁离开办公室都应该告诉我。
Whoever commits the crime shall be sentenced to ten years in prison.
任何人犯了此罪就要被判处十年徒刑。
(2)用于引导让步状语从句（作定语用法）
Whichever side wins, I shall be satisfied.
不管哪边赢，我都会感到满意。
It has the same result whichever way you do it.
不管你怎么做结果都一样。
Whichever direction he came from he still arrived at the same point.
不管他是从哪个方向来的，他依然到达了相同的地点。
It never looked any better whichever way I looked at it.
无论我从哪个角度去看，它都从未有什么起色。
【2】no matter which的用法
no matter which只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句。
No matter which side wins, I shall be happy.
不管哪边赢，我都会高兴。
No matter which you choose, they will be offended.
不管你选哪个，他们都会不高兴。
No matter which method you use, the result is much the same.
不论你用哪一种方法，结果都差不多。
No matter which plan you adopt, you will encounter difficulties.
不管你采取哪个计划，你都会碰到困难。
【特别注意】这样用的no matter which与引导状语从句的whichever用法相同，有时可互换。
No matter which of them you marry, you’ll have problems.
=Whichever of them you marry, you’ll have problems.
不管你跟他们哪一个结婚，你都会有问题。
