one和it的选择(同时涉及独立主格结构)
2024-12-08 15:10:44 学考宝 作者:佚名
问题描述
Jack Ma, founder and executive chairman of China's Alibaba Group, has a $28.6 billion fortune, _____ making him the richest person in China.
A. it B. one C. that D. which
这题我知道应该选 one。但是我想问问大家 it 可不可以,我的思路是后半句是一个独立主格结构,it 指代上句里的 fortune 本身,是否可以呢?
老师答疑
刘老师:
▲ 我认为,这个句子貌似合乎语法,其实,现实语言中没有这样的表达:Jack Ma, founder and executive chairman of China's Alibaba Group, has a $28.6 billion fortune, it making him the richest person in China.
独立主格结构的逻辑主语,除了与句子的主语不同外,还有一个要求,就是:逻辑主语应该是“未知信息”,不能是“已知信息”,这是因为:只有未知信息才有新意,才有添加的必要。即便逻辑主语中含有“已知信息”,也是里面“未知的成分”。尤其使用人称代词作独立主格逻辑主语的情况,恐怕是不存在的。也就是说,本句使用代词it(指代前文“马云拥有这笔财富这个事件”),作making him the richest person in China 的逻辑主语,是不合乎语言表达习惯的。这都是英语语法惹的祸,为了弄一个所谓的“独立主格结构”,而不管现实语言中是否可以允许这么蹩脚的说法。
▲ 为了证实我的看法,我查阅了所有已知的英美语料库,输入:it making,it causing 等,结果出人意料,竟然无一例是“独立主格结构”。我还用其他代词he, she, they + 最常用动词的现在分词形式查阅,竟然没有查到一例!
▲ 所以,我认为,既合乎语法又符合习惯的英语表达,应该是:
1. Jack Ma, founder and executive chairman of China's Alibaba Group, has a $28.6 billion fortune, and it makes him the richest person in China. (and 连接的并列句)
2. Jack Ma, founder and executive chairman of China's Alibaba Group, has a $28.6 billion fortune; it makes him the richest person in China. (分号表示的并列分句)
3. Jack Ma, founder and executive chairman of China's Alibaba Group, has a $28.6 billion fortune, which makes him the richest person in China. (定语从句)
4. Jack Ma, founder and executive chairman of China's Alibaba Group, has a $28.6 billion fortune, making him the richest person in China. (现在分词作结果状语——这是最简练的表达!由此看出,加上it 这个已知信息作逻辑主语,完全多余。)
李老师:
Jack Ma, founder and executive chairman of China's Alibaba Group, has a $28.6 billion fortune, ________ making him the richest person in China.=Jack Ma, founder and executive chairman of China's Alibaba Group, has a $28.6 billion fortune, and it maks him the richest person in China.
个人认为应用 it, 此处 it =a $28.6 billion fortune。
曹老师:
基本同意 fengxia 网友的解答。应该选 it 而不是 one。
但我觉得 it 指代的不是 a $28.6 billion fortune 这笔钱,而是马云拥有这笔钱这个事实, 即 it 指代前面整句的内容。逗号之后可以是:
..., it making him...(独立主格结构)
..., and it makes him...(并列句)
..., which makes him...(非限制性定语从句)
陈老师:
Jack Ma, founder and executive chairman of China's Alibaba Group, has a $28.6 billion fortune, _____ making him the richest person in China.
A. it B. one C. that D. which
这题我知道应该选 one。但是我想问问大家 it 可不可以,我的思路是后半句是一个独立主格结构,it 指代上句里的 fortune 本身,是否可以呢?
(解答,不能填one,因为ONE属于不定代词, 不能充当分词的逻辑主语,分词逻辑主语必须由人称代词/名词来充当。)
解答如下:
对于以上问题有以下4种解决方案
(1)什么词都不填:后面为现在分词做结果状语,也表示一种意料之中的自然必然的结果。(备注:要注意和不定式作结果状语表示意料之外结果的区别)
Jack Ma, founder and executive chairman of China's Alibaba Group, has a $28.6 billion fortune, making him the richest person in China.
(2)填逻辑主语it:构成独立主格结构作状语
Jack Ma, founder and executive chairman of China's Alibaba Group, has a $28.6 billion fortune, it making him the richest person in China.
(3)填关系代词which:构成非限制性定语从句,表示前面事件导致后面的一种自然的必然的结果。
Jack Ma, founder and executive chairman of China's Alibaba Group, has a $28.6 billion fortune, which makes him the richest person in China.
(4)填连词and 和代词 it:构成并列句
Jack Ma, founder and executive chairman of China's Alibaba Group, has a $28.6 billion fortune, and it makes him the richest person in China.