这里为什么不用被动语态
2024-07-20 09:15:20 学考宝 作者:佚名
问题描述
1. The airport was built years ago, but for some reason it could not be used then. Last year, however, it came into use.(来自新2-21课)
2. Letters will cost a little more, but they will certainly travel faster.(来自新2-22课)
我认为在第一句中,机场应该是被投入使用,所有英语应该是 was come into use 才对呀。
我认为第二句“信”为主语,应该是被传送的快,所以应该是 be traveled faster 才对呀。
请问老师,该怎么来理解,感谢您的解答 谢谢。
老师答疑
陈老师:
你只是从汉语意思去理解了,而没有从英语语法结构去理解。
使用被动语态一个基本的前提是,动词必须是及物的(虽然并非所有的及物动词都可以用于被动语态),因为只有及物动词,它才有宾语,而有了宾语,当变为被动语态时,句子才有主语——这是最基本的常识。
对于第一句来说:The airport was built years ago, but for some reason it could not be used then. Last year, however, it came into use.(来自新2-21课)
句中的came into use之所以没有变成你说的was come into use,很显然是因为动词come不及物,它没有宾语。当然我们也可以从另一个角度来看,把come into看成是及物,把use看成它的宾语,那能否变成use was come into呢?——这样的分析有一点道理,但问题是come into use作为习语,它是不用于被动语态的。类似的还有:
A large truck suddenly came into view. 一辆大卡车突然在眼前出现。
Then the towers of the castle came into sight. 随后进入视野的是城堡的塔楼。
这两句也不能改成被动语态,因为come into view和come into sight都是习语,不能拆开来用。
对于第二句来说:Letters will cost a little more, but they will certainly travel faster.(来自新2-22课)
很显然,句中的travel是不及物动词,它不可能用于被动语态。又如:
Light travels faster than sound. 光比声的传播速度快。
A light signal can travel well over 16km before it halves in intensity. 光信号传播16 公里以上强度才会减半。