how much less和how much more的意思
2024-10-04 13:46:04 学考宝 作者：佚名
问题描述
1 With more careful calculations, one can win; with less, one cannot. How much less chance of victory has one who makes no calculations at all!
2. Thus do many calculations lead to victory, and few calculations to defeat: how much more no calculation at all!
请问专家老师：这两句的 how much less 和 how much more 分别是什么意思呢？
老师答疑
刘老师：
青沅老师已做了很好的解答。我根据网友的具体疑问再补充一下：
1. With more careful calculations, one can win; with less, one cannot. How much less chance of victory has one who makes no calculations at all!
2. Thus do many calculations lead to victory, and few calculations to defeat: how much more no calculation at all!
“多算胜，少算不胜，而况于无算乎？”
以上两句英语是对《孙子兵法》上面这句话的翻译。我认为第1句比第2句翻译得好！更直接和简单明了。分析如下：
1. With more careful calculations, one can win ：“如果更多地计算（估计）敌我双方的各种情况，我方就会取胜”；With more careful calculations 看作条件。
2. with less, one cannot. 是承上句省略了有关成分。
3. 而况于无算乎？——古汉语的问句，实际上表达了感叹句的内容。“对敌我双方的情况根本不做估算，会有多少胜算的把握！” 何况连估算都不做呢？
How much less chance of victory has one who makes no calculations at all!
How much less是“从少的角度的讲”的，而how much more是“从多的角度讲”的，显然不合适，所以第1句准确。我分析一下这句话：
How much less chance of victory has one 等于How much less chance of victory does one（指战争的一方）have，who makes no calculations at all 作one 的定语。chance 意为“可能性”。
沅老师：
请比较以下用法，可以帮助你理解 how much less 和 how much more 的意思：
1. more 表示“更多”，less 表示“更少”。如：
Living in the country is less expensive than in the city. 住在乡里比住在城里花钱少。
Living in the city is more expensive than in the country. 住在城里比住在乡里花钱少。
2. much more 表示“多得多”，much less 表示“少得多”。如：
His car cost much more money than mine. 他的小汽车所花的钱比我的多得多。
My car cost much less money than his. 我的小汽车所花的钱比他的少得多。
3. how much more 表示“多多少”，how much less 表示“少多少”。如：
How much less would it cost to send it second class? 用二类邮件寄，会省多少钱？
How much more would it cost to send it first class? 选择第一类邮寄要多花多少钱？
