whatever be the cause of its acceptance的理解难点
2024-12-24 12:02:27 学考宝 作者：佚名
问题描述
Once an opinion is accepted, whatever be the cause of its acceptance, it has a strong tendency to persist.
请问老师，粗体字部分是什么从句？为何句中 be 在其他成分的前面？
whatever be the cause of its acceptance 粗体字部分可否换成正常语序结构：
whatever the cause of its acceptance may be？
谢谢老师。
老师答疑
刘老师：
Once an opinion is accepted, whatever be the cause of its acceptance, it has a strong tendency to persist.
请问老师，粗体字部分是什么从句？为何句中 be 在其他成分的前面？
whatever be the cause of its acceptance 粗体字部分可否换成正常语序结构：
whatever the cause of its acceptance may be？
【答】这是一个多重复合句（或叫复杂主从句）。即：一个主句，两个从句。为了理解方便，我把语序调整一下：
Once an opinion is accepted（条件从句，一说“时间从句”）, it has a strong tendency to persist whatever be the cause of its acceptance（主句）.
在主句里面，又包含一个让步从句：whatever be the cause of its acceptance（不管其接受的原因是什么）。
原形be 的这种用法，是古英语的残存，be 放在了主语the cause of its acceptance 之前。关于该让步从句，现代英语可以这样表达（选择其中一种即可）：
1. whatever the cause of its acceptance is
2. whatever the cause of its acceptance may be
3. whatever the cause of its acceptance will be
4. whatever the cause of its acceptance （为了简练，上面3个蓝色部分，可以全部省略）
【直译】某种观点一旦被接受，那么，不管其被接受的原因是什么，它都有着强烈的需要坚持的倾向性。
关于这种用法，再举几例：
1. Whatever be the reasons for it, we cannot tolerate this dishonesty. 不管是什么原因，我们不能容忍这种不诚实。
2. Whatever be your fortune, let me see you once a year. 无论你的遭遇怎样, 让我一年见你一次.
3. Whatever be his defense, he can't escape from the punishment by law. 不管他如何辩护, 都逃脱不了法律的惩罚。
4. Whatever be his defense, we cannot tolerate this disloyalty. 不管他有什么借口, 我们都不能容忍这种背叛。
曹老师：
Once an opinion is accepted, whatever be the cause of its acceptance, it has a strong tendency to persist.
粗体部分是让步状语从句。让步状语和条件状语一样，在古英语中是需要用虚拟语气的(动词原型），稍后用may do代词动词原型（有语法书认为may do也是虚拟语气形式），现在英语则可以用陈述语气。 原句中whatever在从句中作表语，be为系词，倒装于主语之前。如果用may be, 则不倒装：whatever the cause of its acceptance may be, 如果用陈述语气，也不倒装，语体就显得不是很正式。whatever the cause of its acceptance is。
陈老师：
Once an opinion is accepted, whatever be the cause of its acceptance, it has a strong tendency to persist.
同意曹老师解答。以上属于旧时英语虚拟语气用法。
