it is said that...与there is said to be的区别
2024-12-15 10:33:22 学考宝 作者：佚名
问题描述
It is said that there will be an election this week.
There is said to be an election this week.
这2个句子有何区别？
老师答疑
刘老师：
这两句意思应该相同，但结构不完全相同。句型结构是这样转换来的：
1. People say that there will be an election this week. （复句）
2. It is said that there will be an election this week.（复句）
3. There is said to be an election this week.（单句）
我们常说：He is said to be an agricultural scientist. 据说他是一位农业科学家。
原来，这个句子是这样转换来的：
A. People say that he is an agricultural scientist.
B. → That he is an agricultural scientist is said.（因主语太长，显得头重脚轻。我们一般采用形式主语It替代真实主语that从句，见C句。）
C. → It is said that he is an agricultural scientist.
D. → He is said to be an agricultural scientist.
转换的结果是，He作了主语，is said意为“被说”，to be an agricultural scientist成为动词不定式。
据此，从理论上讲，there be 句型如果充当了某个及物动词的宾语从句，那么，这个及物动词，就可以用于上述句式的转换。例如：
1. People say that there will be an election this week.
→ It is said that there will be an election this week.
→ There is said to be an election this week.
【注意】不定式本身表示将来，所以will 不再出现，不能说There will be said to be...。
曹老师：
这两个句子的意思基本没有差别。There be句型中there是形式主语。be是不及物动词，后面的名词是真正的主语。比较下面的句子。
1) It is said that Tom will come tomorrow.
2) Tom is said to come tomorrow.
1) It is said that there will be an election this week.
2) There is said to be an elecction this week.
可以看出，1）句中的that从句的主语作2）句中的主语，1）句that从句的will do在2）句中改为不定式。1）句是个主从复合句，2）句是个简单句。1）句的主题（topic）是tom明天回来这件事；2）句的主题（topic）是Tom这个人。这就是两个句型的细微差别。通常人们会忽略这个细微差别。将两个句子等同看待。
陈老师：
It is said that there will be an election this week.
=There is said to be an election this week.
这2个句子有何区别？
解答如下：
以上句子结构实际上是以下2种结构变体
A:主动形式
(1)People say that sb do sth
=It is said that sb do sth
=sb is said to do sth
B:被动形式
(2) People say that sb/sth be done
=It is said that sth be done.
=sth is said to be done
It is said that he has gone to Beijing.
=He is said to have gone to Beijing.
据说他已经到北京去了。
It is said that they cancelled the order for 300 trucks. =They is said to cancell the order for 300 trucks.
据说他们撤销了300台卡车的订货。
It was said that he was a very good doctor.
=He was said to be a very good doctor.
据说他医术高明。
