关于as的一处用法

问题描述

His function is revealing in analogous to that of a judge, who accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.

这本书的作者也说了这个用法很“奇怪”因为他存在与介词in后面，所以在这里他不是个比较状语从句。

那按我自己的理解as是介词省略了being 也就是as being possible .我这样理解对么？

但是看了字典里的as从句有一个例句却又颠覆了我的认知 ...as for 加了个句子，突然找不到那个句子了（找了好久不知道怎么找都找不到了）。哪这是怎么回事呢？

老师答疑

刘老师：

参考译文：他的作用类似于法官的作用，他以尽可能明确方式接受揭露推理的责任并导致他作出决定。

——建议Expert最好保持原样，不要参考我的（我的翻译不好）。这样，网友会学到更多不同的东西。

His function is revealing in analogous to that of a judge, who accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.

【答】你提供的句子有误。应改为：

His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.

【结构分析】

1. 句子主干：His function is analogous to that of a judge（他的职能类似于法官）

2. 非限制性定语从句：who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision。

3. be analogous to：“类似于，类同于，与......类似”。

分析定语从句：

4. who指代judge。

5. who must accept the obligation：“法官必须承担这样的义务”。

6. revealing the course of reasoning：“展示推理过程”。作定语修饰the obligation（这样的义务）

7. which led him to his decision：定语从句，修饰the course of reasoning（推理过程），意为“让他作出决定、决策、判断”。

下面重点讲解你的问题：in as obvious a manner as possible：“用尽可能明白的方式”。

不要想得太多了。这仍然是as...as possible 比较结构。第二个as是连词，省略了it is，不是介词，不可加being。

（1）in as obvious a manner as possible 这是一个介词短语，作方式状语。修饰revealing，意为“用尽可能明白的方式去展示”。

（2）revealing 的宾语是the course of reasoning，而且后面还跟了一个定语从句which led him to his decision，因为宾语太长了，所以，in as obvious a manner as possible将动词和宾语分隔。

（3）对in as obvious a manner as possible 进行分解：

A. in an obvious manner：用明显的方式

B. 加入比较结构作定语：in a manner as obvious as possible：用尽可能明显的方式

C. 嵌入比较结构：in as obvious a manner as possible

【说明】你可能疑问：为什么obvious 放在了a manner之前？关于这个问题，我们可以根据as 的用法来理解：它是程度副词，意为：那么，如此。它过分强调了obvious 的程度，所以，obvious 紧随其后，这样冠词a 就后置。又如：Tom is as bright a boy as his younger brother. 汤姆是一个像他弟弟那样聪明的孩子。（不说：as a bright boy as）

在这个表达比较的句子中，原来大家都非常纳闷：为什么形容词bright放在了a boy的前面？原来，as...as...结构，第一个as是程度副词，意为“如此；那么”，具有过分强调bright程度的含义，因此受其修饰的bright自然紧随其后，结果，冠词a就落到后面去了。

【句子翻译】他的职能类似于法官，（法官）必须承担这样一种义务，即用一种尽可能明白无误的方式来展示让其做出决定的推理过程。

【翻译说明】of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision作定语修饰the obligation，它们具备同位关系，因为定语太长，所以翻译时用“即”来表示。

【继续解答你的追问】

关于as的基本用法，我详细给你分解：

一、单独一个as不是比较结构，而是：用作连词时引导3种从句：

1. 时间状语从句：The crowd cheered as the team entered the field. 球队入场时观众们为之欢呼。

2. 原因状语从句：I had to go without breakfast this morning as I was in a hurry. 因我今早很匆忙，所以只好不吃早饭了。

3. 方式状语从句：She cleaned the window as I taught her. 她按照我教她的样子擦了窗子。

还可用作介词，主要两种意思：

1. 用来指某人的身份，意思是“作为”： As the leader of this office, she can work with everyone.

作为办公室的领导，她和每个人都合作得很好。

2. 用来指时间，意思是“在...时候”： As a child she was sent to six different schools.  她儿时上过六所学校。

二、as...as... 才是比较结构，否定句时也可以用 not so...as...。

前面讲的所有as...as...结构，都是比较结构。其中，第2个as有时是连词，有时是介词，都可以成立。

as ... as possible，当然是比较结构。例如：

Come here as soon as possible. 尽可能早来这里。

【分析】去掉比较成分后，剩下Come here soon. 早来这里。

那么，早来这里应该多么早呢？应该跟“可能早”一样的早。那就用比较结构：

Come here as soon as possible. = Come here as soon as it is possible.

it is possible中，it指你来这件事、这个情况。it is possible 还可以用you can代替：Come here as soon as you can.

举一反三，以此类推：

You must make the houses as strong as possible. 你应该把房屋建得尽可能结实。

I'd like to see you as early as possible. 我想要尽早见你。

I want to clear my debts as quickly as possible. 我想把我的债务尽快还清。

They were warned to speak as little as possible. 他们得到告诫要尽量少说话。

关于你的问题：而且张满胜给出这句话的解释特意说明了这不是一个比较状语从句（高级语法新思维第138页）——你仔细看看，我在解答中已经写得明明白白：

（1）in as obvious a manner as possible  这是一个介词短语，作方式状语。修饰revealing，意为“用尽可能明白的方式去展示”。

单独这个词组in as obvious a manner as possible 肯定不是比较从句。但是在这个词组中含有一个比较状语从句，我们所说的比较状语从句是指第2个as引导的，不是第一个。在as obvious as possible中，as possible = as it is possible，这不是比较状语从句是什么？

陈老师：

His function is revealing in analogous to that of a judge, who accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.

这本书的作者也说了这个用法很“奇怪”因为他存在与介词in后面，所以在这里他不是个比较状语从句。

那按我自己的理解as是介词省略了being 也就是as being possible .我这样理解对么？

但是看了字典里的as从句有一个例句却又颠覆了我的认知 ...as for 加了个句子，突然找不到那个句子了（找了好久不知道怎么找都找不到了）。哪这是怎么回事呢？

回答如下：

请把你上面句子改为下面句子再给你做语法结构分析

His function is analogous to that of a judge, who accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.

参考译文：他的作用类似于法官的作用，他以尽可能明确方式接受揭露推理的责任并导致他作出决定。

以上句子外围整体语法结构分析如下：

主语：His function(他的功能/作用）

系动词：is （是） 

表语： analogous to that of a judge（类似于一名法官作用）（备注，这里that指代前面名词fucntion)

引导非限制性定语从句关系代词：who(代替先行词a judge)

非限制性定语从句主语：who(代替先行词a judge)

非限制性定语从句谓语：accept（接受/承认/承担）

非限制性定语从句宾语：the obligation（责任/义务）

修饰非限制性定语从句宾语的后置定语：of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.

(以尽可能明显的方式揭示推理的过程,然后作出决定的责任）

(后者定语整体解析：of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision,这个of revealing 超长结构后置定语中，动名词revealing的宾语为the course of reasoning , in as obvious a manner as possible作方式状语用来修饰动名词revealing所表示的动作,as obvious as possible又是用来修饰前面名词manner,revealing的宾语the course of reasoning 后面带有一个定语从句which led him to his decision.)

后置定语正常语序为：

ofrevealing the course of reasoning in as obvious a manner as possible which led him to his decision.

超长后置定语of revealing内部分段语法结构解析如下：

(1) of revealing ...后置定语修饰前面名词"obligation"

(2)the course of reasoning名词短语作“动名词revealing"宾语

(3)in as obvious a manner as possible 介词短语作“动名词revealing”方式状语

(4)which led him to his decision定语从句作后置定语用来修饰/限定“动名词revealing的宾语" the course of reasoning"

（关于as/so+adj/adv+as possible 以及as/so+adj.+a+n+possible语法讲解如下）

as +adj./adv+as possible

第1个as为副词，第2个as为连词（as it is possible)

(备注：as +adj.+a+名词=such a +adj.+n，这种结构一定要注意不定冠词的位置，形容词前有as/so修饰的时候，不定冠词a要放在形容词后面，但是such结构，不定冠词则要放在形容词前面）

(1)so beautiful a girl =such a beautiful girl

(2)so obvious a manner=such an obvious manner

as obvious a manner as possible 这个结构和上面结构用法一样，只不过这个结构有比较的意味。因为有as ...as possible 意思”尽可能....“.

相当于下面这个带有定语从句结构

a manner which is as obvious as(it is) possible

参考译文：一个尽可能明显的方式

重点短语解析如下：

(1)in as obvious a manner as possible（以尽可能明显的方式）

(2)in a.... manner（以一个....的方式）

(3)as obvious as possible（尽可能明显的）

(4)as obvious a manner as possible（尽可能明显的方式）(例如 as clear an answer as possible（尽量清楚的回答)

(6) lead sb to his decision导致他作出决定

(5)the course of reasoning (推理过程）

(6)accept the obligation of 接受.....责任

(7)be analogus to 与....类似

(8)analogous  adj.相似的；类似的；可比拟的

备注：lead to 有以下几种搭配

(1)lead to 

A：通向/通往

the doors that led to the yard.  

通往院子的大门

a short roadway leading to the car park.

通往停车场的一小段路

B:  导致/造成/招致/致使

 Ethnic tensions among the republics could lead to civil war.

共和国之间紧张的种族关系可能会引发内战。

 He warned yesterday that a pay rise for teachers would lead to job cuts.  

他昨天警告说，给教师们加薪会导致职位的裁减。

(2)lead sb to do  促使/使得/使/诱使/误导

A:导致/引起某人做某事

His abhorrence of racism led him to write The Algiers Motel Incident. 

对种族主义的憎恨促使他写了《阿尔及尔汽车旅馆事件》一书。

What was it ultimately that led you to leave Sarajevo for Zagreb?  

最终是什么让你离开萨拉热窝前往萨格勒布的？

 Mother had led me to believe the new baby was a kind of present for me..

母亲让我相信新出生的宝宝是给我的一个礼物。

It was not as straightforward as we were led to believe. 

这事并非如我们所误以为的那样简单

(3)lead sb to sth

A:导致/某人某种行;引导某人到某事

 Politicians say it could lead to a dissolution of parliament.  

政客们说这可能会导致议会解散。

The group proceeded with a march they knew would lead to bloodshed.  

这个团体继续示威游行，他们知道这将导致流血事件的发生。

This can lead to bodily weakness and muscle wastage.  

这样可能会导致身体虚弱和肌肉萎缩。

Well, I think that leads me to the real point.  

这个嘛，我看这让我说到正题了。

B:带领某人到某地lead sb to/into sth/s.p

 He took Dickon by the hand to lead him into the house.

他牵着迪康的手把他领进屋。

She confessed to the killing and led police to his remains.

她交代人是她杀的，并带警察去他的尸首处。

He took Dickon by the hand to lead him into the house.  

他牵着迪康的手把他领进屋。

analogous  adj.相似的；类似的；可比拟的

Marine construction technology like this is very complex, somewhat analogous to trying to build a bridge under water.  

像这样的海底建造技术很复杂，与尝试在水下建桥有些相似。