不定式的完成式可以用作定语和宾语补足语吗
2024-09-27 08:45:29 学考宝 作者：佚名
问题描述
请教各位：to do 的完成式可以作定语和宾语补足语吗？
老师答疑
刘老师：
动词不定式的完成式可以作定语和宾语补足语吗？
这是一个有趣的问题。从理论上讲，动词不定式的动作只要是早于另一个可比的动词，而且，句子意思需要表达出先后关系，那么，这个不定式就应使用完成式。动词不定式作状语时，其完成式会经常见到。如：He was happy to have solved the problem.
一、动词不定式的完成式作定语：说明动作发生在谓语动词之前。
It is the first gorilla to have been taught sign language. 它是学习手势语的第一只大猩猩。
Mrs. Curie was the first person to have discovered the element radium. 居里夫人是发现镭元素的第一人。
I have the honor to have been sent as their representative. 我很荣幸被派来作他们的代表。
二、动词不定式的完成式作宾补：说明动作发生在谓语动词之前。这类动词多为表示“观点、看法”的动词。
I believe it to have been a mistake. 我认为这一直就是错的。
People think (suppose, believe, consider) the sea to have been the cradle of life. 人们认为海洋是生命的发源地。
We all considered him to have acted disgracefully. 我们都认为他的行为很不光彩。
People discovered him to have been a spy. 人们发现他原来是间谍。
Nobody doubts him to have been honest. 没有人怀疑他曾经是诚实的。
We consider him to have been there many times. 我们认为他到过那儿多次了。
I know him to have been a promising student of intelligence and ability. 我确信在智慧和能力方面他是一个很有希望的学生。
