abbreviate…as / to / for / with 句式中如何选用介词
2024-10-06 16:33:31 学考宝 作者:佚名
问题描述
He has a pen-name, George Eliot, which is often abbreviated ______ GE.
A. as B. to C. for D. with
请问填什么介词?
老师答疑
谭老师:
▲对于 abbreviate 选用的介词搭配,不同词典有不同的收录。
▲牛津和朗文词典选用的是 to,并且还专门把这个搭配列了出来。例如:
《牛津高阶学习词典》(OALD)
• the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (usually abbreviated to JPL) 喷气推进实验室(通常缩写成 JPL)
《新牛津英汉双解大词典》(基于ODE)
• the business of artists and repertoire, commonly abbreviated to A&R 负责物色艺术家和组织节目的事务,通常缩写成A&R
《朗文当代英语词典》(LDOCE)
• 'Information technology' is usually abbreviated to 'IT'. 信息技术通常缩写成IT。
▲剑桥和柯林斯的词典则 to 和 as 均收录,但并没有显性列出搭配。例如:(其中柯林斯的第二个例句出自 hereafter 词条)
《剑桥高阶学习词典》(CALD)
• 'Daniel' is often abbreviated to 'Dan'. Daniel 常常缩写成 Dan。
• 'Chief Executive Officer' is abbreviated as 'CEO'. Chief Executive Officer(首席执行官)被缩写为 CEO。
《柯林斯COBUILD高阶英语学习词典》(CCALED)
• He abbreviated his first name to Alec. 他将自己的名字缩写为亚历克。
• Michel Foucault (1972), The Archaeology of Knowledge; hereafter this text will be abbreviated as AK. 米歇尔·福柯(1972),《知识考古学》,下文简称AK。
▲市川繁治郎主编的《英语搭配大辞典》(The Kenkyusha Dictionary of English Collocations)也是收录了两种搭配:
• We abbreviate dozen as dz. 我们把 dozen 缩写成 dz。
• Mathematics is sometimes abbreviated to math. 数学有时被缩写成 math。
• Young Men's Christian Association is commonly abbreviated to Y.M.C.A. 基督教青年会通常被缩写成YMCA。
▲在语料库中查询 abbreviated to 和 abbreviated as,的结果为:
在英国国家语料库(BNC)中,to:as=23:0;
在美国当代英语语料库(COCA)中,to:as=27:33。
说明 as 用法在英式英语中极为罕见,但在美式英语里更常见。
▲结论:
对于实际使用而言,to 和 as 均可,甚至在美式英语中 as 可能更显自然。
但对于做题而言,还是用词典收录更多、英式英语传统使用的 to 比较好。
d老师:
填 to。如:
“United Kingdom”can be abbreviated to “U.K.”.
“United Kingdom”可缩写成为“U.K.”。
黎老师:
He has a pen-name, George Eliot, which is often abbreviated ______ GE.
A. as B. to C. for D. with
这里的A. as 和 B. to 都都是正确的。例如:
"United States of America " is commonly abbreviated to / as "USA".
(《韦氏高阶英语词典》p.2)
"Information technology" is uaually abbreviated to "IT". information technology(信息技术)通常被缩略为IT.(《朗文高级英语应试词典》p.2)