情态动词+have done 能对将来做推测吗
2024-12-17 11:24:04 学考宝 作者：佚名
问题描述
The project might have been completed at this time next year
这个项目明天的这个时间可能已经完工了。
可以这么说吗？如果不行，怎么对将来做推测？
老师答疑
陈老师：
The project might have been completed at this time next year
这个项目明天的这个时间可能已经完工了。
可以这么说吗？如果不行，怎么对将来做推测？
解答如下：may/might have done结构可以表示对将来的推测，请看下面详细解答
(1)may/might have done 推测过去
“may/might+动词的完成式”表示对过去发生的行为的推测。
-Whatever has happened to George?
-乔治发生了什么事?
-I don't know. He may have got lost.
-我不知道，他可能迷路了。
You might have read about it in the papers.
你可能在报上已经看过这个消息了。
(2)may/might have done 推测现在
“may/might+动词的完成式”表示对现在情况的推测。
She might have got up now.
现在她可能已经起床了。
(3)may/might have done 预测未来
may/might+动词的完成式”表示推测将来某时之前的情况。
He may have left when you get there.
等你到达的时候他可能已经离开了。
(备注：may have done 和 might have done 表推测时，might 所表示的可能性比 may 小，语气较委婉：）
How quickly time passed! It might have happened yesterday.
时间过得好快啊！这事好像就发生在昨天。
He might have seen the surprise in my face.
他或许已经看到了我惊异的表情。
(4)might have done 还可以表轻微责备
might have done 除了能够表推测，还能表示过去本来可以做而实际并没有做。这时带有轻微的责备之意。
The proposal might have been refused.
这个建议本该拒绝的。（有轻微的责备之意）
I might have taken another path.
我本可以走另一条路。
(5)否定推测 may not/mightn't have done 表“可能没有做某事”
（备注：和can't have done sth不可能做了某事区别）
He can't have been at the meeting, he's on a business trip this
week.
他不可能有出席会议，他这周出公差。
We couldn't have done it without you.
没有你我们肯定完成不了。
They may not have known it beforehand.
他们事先可能不知道这事儿。
They mightn't have regarded me as their friend.
他们可能没有把我当作朋友看待。
He might have done it better if he had put his mind to his work.
如果他专心致志的话,他可以做得更好.
曹老师：
可以。但在意义上指将来某个时间以前的情况。类似于将来完成时态的用法。将来完成时态will have done 的 will 就含有预测的意义。你句子中的介词 at 应改为 by。
龙老师：
▲“情态动词+have done”可以对将来做推测，但它一定是推测将来完成的情况。如：
By the end of this year I might have saved some money. 到今年年底，我可能已经攒了一笔钱了。
▲其用法与将来完成时有些类似。如：
He postulated that a cure for the disease will have been found by the year 2020. 他推断到2000年能研究出治愈该病的方法。
By the time the case comes to trial, he will have spent a year in prison. 到这个案件开庭审理时，他将已经在监狱里呆了一年了。
