语言的魅力 【语言的魅力】在不改
2024-11-15 12:58:55 学考宝 作者：佚名
问题描述
【语言的魅力】在不改变单词及其数量的前提下，只在句中调换位置，就可以生出若干个有意义的句子，只是语义发生了变化。
为了活跃“英语答疑网”的气氛，我写出下面6个句子。欢迎各位专家老师和各位会员网友积极参与解答。要求：分析句子结构并翻译成汉语。
被采纳者奖励鲜花100朵，凡参与者均赠送鲜花，谢谢。
1. Some children were playing on the sports ground.
2. On the sports ground some children were playing.
3. Some children were on the sports ground playing.
4. On the sports ground were some children playing.
5. Playing on the sports ground were some children.
6. On the sports ground were playing some children.
老师答疑
蒋老师：
谢谢刘老师出题，我来试试！不妥之处，请刘老师和其他老师指正！
1. Some children were playing on the sports ground.
翻译：一些孩子在运动场上玩耍。
分析：Some children (主语) were playing (谓语) on the sports ground (地点状语).
2. On the sports ground some children were playing.
翻译：在运动场上有些孩子在玩耍。
分析：On the sports ground (地点状语) some children (主语) were playing (谓语).
3. Some children were on the sports ground playing.
翻译：有些孩子在运动场上玩耍。
分析：Some children (主语) were (系动词) on the sports ground (表语) playing (伴随状语).
4. On the sports ground were some children playing.
翻译1：运动场上是一些在玩耍的孩子。
分析1：On the sports ground (表语) were (系动词) some children (主语) playing (定语).
翻译2：有些孩子在运动场上玩耍。
分析2：On the sports ground (表语) were (系动词) some children (主语) playing (伴随状语).
5. Playing on the sports ground were some children.
翻译：在运动场上玩耍的是一些孩子。
分析：Playing (现在分词) on the sports ground (地点状语) were (助动词) some children (主语).
6. On the sports ground were playing some children.
翻译：一些孩子在运动场上玩耍。
分析：On the sports ground (地点状语) were playing (谓语) some children (主语).——句子主语太短，这样的倒装不如用自然词序更合适。
曾老师：
同意蒋老师和陈老师的翻译和分析！第三句和第四句中的 were 为系动词构成系表结构；其余句子中的 were 均为助动词构成进行时态；第四、五、六句均为倒装句。
陈老师：
【语言的魅力】在不改变单词及其数量的前提下，只在句中调换位置，就可以生出若干个有意义的句子，只是语义发生了变化。
为了活跃“英语答疑网”的气氛，我写出下面6个句子。欢迎各位专家老师和各位会员网友积极参与解答。要求：分析句子结构并翻译成汉语。
被采纳者奖励鲜花100朵，凡参与者均赠送鲜花，谢谢。
1. Some children were playing on the sports ground.
2. On the sports ground some children were playing.
3.Some children were on the sports ground playing.
4. On the sports ground were some children playing.
5. Playing on the sports ground were some children.
6. On the sports ground were playing some children.
虽然本人天生愚钝，而且掌握的知识以及英语水平和能力也非常有限，但也想来试一试，如果回答错误或者不妥当，还望批评和指正。同时也借此机会向各位专家老师们请教学习。谢谢！
【1】Some children were playing on the sports ground.
句子语法结构分析如下：（从句子6大特征进行语法结构分析，①句子成分，②句子语态，③句子时态，④句子语气，⑤句子种类，⑥句子结构）
(1)主语：Some children（一些孩子们）
(2)谓语：were playing （正在玩耍；助动词were+动词现在分词构成）
(3)地点状语：on the sport grouond（在操场上，介词短语作地点状语）
(4)时态：过去进行时态
(5)语态：主动语态
(6)语气：陈述语气
(7)句子种类：陈述句
(8)句子结构：简单句中的（主语+谓语+（状语））
(9)句子意思：一些孩子们正在运动场/操场上玩耍。
【2】On the sports ground some children were playing.
(1)地点状语：on the sport grouond（在操场上，介词短语作地点状语）
(2)主语：Some children（一些孩子们）
(3)谓语：were playing （正在玩耍；助动词were+动词现在分词构成）
(4)时态：过去进行时态
(5)语态：主动语态
(6)语气：陈述语气
(7)句子种类：陈述句
(8)句子结构：（状语）+主语+谓语
(9)句子意思：在运动场/操场一些孩子们正在上玩耍。
【3】Some children were on the sports ground playing.
(1)主语：some children（名词短语）
(2)系动词：were （一般过去式系动词）
(3)表语：on the sports ground （介词短语作表语）
(4)伴随状语：playing （现在分词作伴随状语）
(4)时态：一般过去时态
(5)语态：主动语态
(6)语气：陈述语气
(7)句子种类：陈述句
(8)句子结构：+主语+系动词+表语+（伴随状语）
(9)句子意思：一些孩子们正在运动场/操场上玩耍。
【4】On the sports ground were some children playing.
地点状语：on the sports ground
系动词（倒装）：were/助动词
主语：some children
后置定语/伴随状语：playing
中文1：在操场上一些正在玩耍的孩子。（后置定语翻译）
中文2：一些孩子正在操场上玩耍。（伴随状语翻译）
（备注1：定语从句为进行时态的时时候，可以把关系代词+助动词be省掉，只保留现在分词）
例如The boy who is watching TV is my younger brother.（定语从句作后置定语）
The boy watching TV is my younger brother
(现在分词作后置定语）
(备注2：单个现在分词一般作前置定语比较常见，但是也可作后置定语）
(1)a running horse =a horse that is running.
(2)a sleeping man=a man who is sleeping
【5】Playing on the sports ground were some children.
部分谓语倒装：playing on the sports ground
助动词：were
主语：some children
中文：一些孩子在操场上玩耍。
【6】On the sports ground were playing some children.
地点状语倒装结构：on the sports ground
谓语：were playing
主语：some children
中文：在操场上一些孩子在玩耍。
王老师：
感谢刘老师出题活跃气氛，不仅气氛活了，英语也学活了。各位老师都翻译和解释地很到位。我仅补充一点我的想法。第4句的 playing 还是理解为伴随状语比较妥，不要理解为后置定语。因为这个句子本身倒装，按照英语惯用,如果 playing 做定语，在这种情况下不后置，应为some playing children. 如果后置，要用定语从句，即 some children who were playing.
董老师：
各位老师：第4句
On the sports ground were some children playing.
我觉得是部分倒装，即仅把助动词移至主语之前，were 和playing 构成过去进行时。
正常语序应是：On the sports ground some children were playing.
想法不一定对，敬请各位老师指正。
