英语复杂句子结构分析
2024-12-16 16:17:37 学考宝 作者:佚名
问题描述
As time goes by,the society has witnessed more people and experienced a booming industry as well as more prosperous economy.
这句话的句子结构看不懂,意思也翻译不出来,麻烦拜托老师把句子结构及意思讲解下好吗?谢谢老师!
老师答疑
刘老师:
As time goes by, the society has witnessed more people and experienced a booming industry as well as more prosperous economy.
这句话的句子结构看不懂,意思也翻译不出来,麻烦拜托老师把句子结构及意思讲解下好吗?谢谢老师!
【答】翻译本句应注意两点:
1. 该句使用了“无生命主语”修辞格。不宜按字面把the society 理解为主语,应根据汉语习惯适当变通。
2. A + as well as + B 结构,信息重心在as well as 之前,不在之后。应这样理解:不仅B,而且A。
据此,我觉得应该这样翻译:
【翻译】随着时间的推移,在人类社会中,人口业已不断增加,不仅经济更加繁荣,而且新兴产业也蓬勃发展。
▲ 关于“无生命主语”修辞格,现举几个相关的例句:
The year 1949 witnessed the founding of the People's Republic of China. 1949年,中华人民共和国成立。
This stadium has seen many exciting football matches. 在这体育场里举办过很多精彩的足球赛。
Dusk found a little boy crying in the street. 黄昏时一个小男孩在大街上哭。
Rome witnessed many great historic events. 在罗马城发生了许多伟大历史事件。
The following year saw the death of his mother. 第二年他妈妈去世了。
Dawn met him well along the way. 拂晓时,他早已走了一大段路。
The world history has seen more tears than laughter. 在世界历史上眼泪比欢笑多。
Shanghai first saw the rise of this movement. 这个运动首先在上海兴起。
The city witnessed the outbreak of the war. 战争是在这个城市爆发的。
Nightfall found him many miles short of his appointed place. 当夜幕降临时,他离预定的地点还有好几英里。
The forty years, 1840-80, brought almost ten million migrants to America. 从1840至1880年这四十年中,近一千万移民移居美国。
【翻译技巧】这类句子的主语多为时间、地点等名词,谓语常用see, find, witness 等动词。翻译时一般把这些英语句子的主语看作“时间或地点状语”,谓语动词则不必翻译出来,因为实质性内容就是它的宾语及其定语。如果宾语是表示“某种行为或动作的名词”,可译为谓语。
陈老师:
As time goes by,the society has witnessed more people and experienced a booming industry as well as more prosperous economy.
句子语法结构分析如下:
时间状语从句:As time goes by
从句结构分析如下:
从句连词:as(随着)
从句主语:time(时间)
从句谓语:goes by(流逝)
主句:the society has witnessed more people and experienced a booming industry as well as more prosperous economy.
主句结构分析如下:
主句主语:the society(社会)
主句谓语1:has witnessed(见证/目睹)
主句宾语1:more people(更多的人口)
主句谓语2:has experienced(经历了)
主句宾语2:a booming industry(一个急速发展的工业)
连词:as well as (而且)
宾语3:more prosperous economy(一个更加繁荣的经济)
参考译文:随着时间的流逝,人类社会目睹了人口的增加,经历了一个急速发展的工业和更加繁荣的经济。
重点单词及短语解析如下:
(1)as 连词,随着...
(2)go by 时光流逝; 顺便走访; 判断; 经过
(3)witness vt.见证,经历;目睹/目击(事件、变化等)
(4)experience vt. 亲身参与,亲身经历; 感受; 发现;
(5)booming adj. 急速发展的
(6)as well as 既…又…; 除…之外(也); 此外
(7)prosperous adj. 繁荣的,兴旺的; 富裕的; 幸福的,运气好的; 良好的
曹老师:
As time goes by,the society has witnessed more people and experienced a booming industry as well as more prosperous economy.
译文:随着时间的流逝,人类社会见证了人口的增加,经历了工业的不断发展和经济的不断繁荣。
同意陈老师的句子分析。
0老师:
注意一下这个并列连词,强调前而不是后,翻译时更贴切。