confused与confusing的用法区别（修饰look,expression,feeling）
2024-10-12 20:49:42 学考宝 作者：佚名
问题描述
①From his confused expression, I can see this confusing problem confused him.
②Her confusing feeling about him made him confused.
③There was a confused look on his face when he met with confusing problems.
这三句话中为啥分别用 confused espression、confusing feeling、confused look，到底什么时候该用什么? 懵了！
老师答疑
刘老师：
这是我以前写的一篇短文，也许能帮你弄清这个confusing question。
a frightened look 与 a frightening look 之辨
刘永科
英语中，有一类“使令性动词”，表示人的心理或情绪变化。由此演变而来的现在分词和过去分词属于同一个词源：现在分词表示事物本身的性质以及给他人的感受，意为“令人怎样”；过去分词表示人的心理和情绪受到的变化，是被动的感觉，意为“感到怎样”。一般都认为，以-ed结尾的分词形容词修饰人，以-ing结尾的分词形容词修饰事物。例如：
Richard felt satisfied with their satisfying service at the hotel.
The movie was very moving. Rose was greatly moved.
Sophia wasn’t discouraged though her answer was discouraging.
Jenny is surpried at the surpring news.
The cartoon was interesting and Victor was very interested in it.
William became bored at the boring job.
The tiger looked frightening, but Lily wasn’t frightened.
His speech was very inspiring. Mary became inspired.
Charles wasn’t amused though the story you had told was amusing.
The result of the examination was disappointing, so Judy became disappointed.
实际上，“以-ed结尾的分词形容词修饰人，以-ing结尾的分词形容词修饰事物”，这个说法是不全面的。这只是一种表象，不是问题的实质。请看下面的句子：
You always look frightening when you wake up. 你醒来时总露出令人恐惧的样子。
You always look frightened when you wake up. 你醒来时总露出感到恐惧的样子。
The little boy is very interesting. 这个小男孩很有趣。
The little boy is very interested in the toy. 这个小男孩对着玩具感兴趣。
同样是人，为何出现上述两种情况？问题的关键在哪里呢？
我认为，问题的关键在于分词形容词的性质：“现在分词（形容词）表主动，过去分词（形容词）表被动”。所以，过去分词或现在分词都可以修饰人。
有语法书还指出，像look（表情）, expression（表情）， voice（声音），smile（微笑）等词，一般用过去分词修饰，如：a frightened look, an astonished expression, a satisfied smile, an excited voice。事实果真如此吗？请看例句：
You look frightening. Since you look frightening, you have a frightening look. 你看起来令人恐惧，既然如此，所以你有一个令人恐惧的表情。
You look frightened. Since you look frightened, you have a frightened look. 你看起来感到很恐惧，既然如此，所以你有一个恐惧的表情。
又如：
a satisfied smile. （感到）满意的微笑（这种微笑是在人感到满意后表现出来的微笑。）
a satisfying smile. （让人）满意的微笑（这种微笑是让人满意的微笑。意味着笑得真诚自然，不做作。）
an astonished expression（感到）惊讶的表情 （这种表情是在人感到吃惊后显现出来的表情。）
an astonishing expression（令人）惊讶的表情（这种表情是让人吃惊的表情。意味着这个表情有些可怕，使人惊讶。）
an exited voice （感到）兴奋的声音（这是人在兴奋时，说话带出来的声音）
an exciting voice （令人）兴奋的声音（意味着说话的人声音很有号召力，令人鼓舞，令人兴奋）
人的表情、声音或微笑等，是通过人的情绪表现出来的，它也有两种情况。由于现在分词（的形容词）表主动，过去分词（的形容词）表被动，所以，反映在同一个人或事物身上，可以有两种不同的结果。
W老师：
▲区别：
confused（困惑的）：指人感到困惑，或指因人感到困惑而体现出来的表情等。
confusing（令人困惑的）：指事物令人困惑。
▲比较：
confused look 困惑的表情（指自己因感到困惑而产生的表情）
confusing look 令人困惑的表情（这样的表情令人困惑，让人琢磨不透）
▲分析：
①From his confused expression,I can see this confusing problem confused him.
句意：从他困惑的表情来看，我知道这个令人迷惑的问题把他弄糊涂了。
②Her confusing feeling about him made him confused.
句意：她对他令人困惑的感情让他感到困惑。
③There was a confused look on his face when he met with confusing problems.
句意：他碰到令人困惑的的问题时脸上会露出困惑的表情。
