【问题讨论】(句子分析与翻译)(1)
2024-11-27 12:26:45 学考宝 作者:佚名
问题描述
【问题讨论】The closest that Herpin came to resting was to sit in a rocking chair and read some newspapers.
为活跃英语答疑网的气氛,我出一道题目:重点分析本句的主语部分,并译成汉语。欢迎各位专家老师和网友参加。
老师答疑
好老师:
作者在这句话中,使用了英语中的一个惯用法 " to come close to doing sth.” 意思等于nearly do sth. 但作者把这个习惯搭配做了变通, 将closest 用于句首,所以要用the, 做主语,后引导一个定语从句,这个定语从句做整句的主语。作者这样做的目的是强调Herpin几乎不怎么休息,而最有可能的休息方式就是坐在摇椅上看些报纸。因此这句话可以翻译为:赫平最有可能的休息方式就是坐在摇椅上看些报纸。
注:Herpin 全名为Al Herpin (奥尔 赫平),美国人,从出生到90岁没有睡过觉。
陈老师:
【问题讨论】The closest that Herpin came to resting was to sit in a rocking chair and read some newspapers.
为活跃英语答疑网的气氛,我出一道题目:重点分析本句的主语部分,并译成汉语。欢迎各位专家老师和网友参加。
首先非常感谢刘再次给出一道题目来活跃答疑网的气氛,以下是我的以上句子2种分析结果,如有不当之处,或者错误,还请刘老师和其他老师及网友给于指正。谢谢!
The closest that Herpin came to resting was to sit in a rocking chair and read some newspapers.
参考译文:被Herpin最先想到的休息/放松的事情/方式是坐在一张摇椅里看一些报纸。
第1种理解为如下:
把以上句子可以作一个调整变成下面句子。
=The closest resting that came to Herpin was to sit in a rocking chair and read some newspapers.
主句主语:The closest resting
引导定语从句关系代词:that( 指代先行词“the closest resting”并在定语从句充当主语成分)
主句定语从句:that came to Herpin
主句系动词:was
主句表语:to sit in a rocking chair and read some newspapers.
=The closest resting that came to Herpin was to sit in a rocking chair and read some newspapers.
参考译文:被Herpin最先想到的休息/放松的事情/方式是坐在一张摇椅里看一些报纸。
句子主干结构为:主语+系动词+to do and do sth 结构(2个并列不定式作主句表语成分的结构)(主句主语又被一个由关系代词that引导定语从句修饰/限定。)
(以上句子核心问题要搞清楚come to sth/doing sth come to do sth区别;一个为介词标志,一个为不定式标志。而且这2种结构所表达的意思也完全不同。)
(1)come to突然被…意识到/突然被…想起/想到("to"为介词标志,后面通常接表示“人的名词”作宾语)
He was about to shut the door when an idea came to him.
他正准备关门,突然想到一个主意。
Then it came to me that perhaps he did understand.
然后,我突然意识到他可能的确是明白了。
I was already on my way when it suddenly came to me that I hadn't hung out my washing.
我上路以后才想起我没有把洗完的衣服晾出去。
第2种理解为如下:
The closest that Herpin came to resting was to sit in a rocking chair and read some newspapers.
把以上句子可以作一个调整变成下面句子。
=The closest resting that Herpin came to was to sit in a rocking chair and read some newspapers.
参考译文:Herpin最先谈到/谈论的休息/放松的事情/方式是坐在一张摇椅里看一些报纸。
主句主语:The closest resting
引导定语从句关系代词:that( 指代先行词“the closest resting”并在定语从句充当宾语成分)
主句定语从句:that Herpin came to
主句系动词:was
主句表语:to sit in a rocking chair and read some newspapers.
(2)come to 谈论;谈到 ("to"为介词的标志,后面通常接“表示事物/事情"名词作宾语。)
Finally in the programme, we come to the news that the American composer and conductor, Leonard Bernstein, has died.
节目的最后,我们来看一则新闻,美国作曲家兼指挥家伦纳德·伯恩斯坦去世。
That is another matter altogether. And we shall come to that next. 那完全是另一回事,接下来我们会谈到。
【补充说明】首先,感谢专家 English Expert 的及时抢先解答,精神可嘉。
不过,我有几个问题需要跟您讨论:
1. 最好不要两种可能的解释,因为该问题的解答不存在两种都正确的情况。
2. 您两次调整了句子结构,都是把resting 提前作了句子的主语。原本是to的宾语,为何成了句子的主语?
原句:The closest that Herpin came to resting was to sit in a rocking chair and read some newspapers.
= ①The closest resting that came to Herpin was to sit in a rocking chair and read some newspapers.
= ②The closest resting that Herpin came to wa
补充回答
这是属于第3种理解如下:
第3种理解,就是legend那种理解,我就不过多补充解释了以免被误解为“抄袭”
come close to doing sth/sth即动词+副词+介词+动名词/名词结构
A: 主语+come close to +doing "主句几乎/快要/接近要做某事"
She came close to quitting her job.
她差点辞了那份工作。
He came close to being run over.
他几乎被(车子)压死。
He came close to committing suicide.
他差点自杀了。
(备注:如果rest为动名词,则不能提前,如果为“动名词转为而来名词”则可以提前。)
B:主语+come close to +名词“主语几乎/快要/接近某种状态”
Talks with Syria came close tosuccess in 2000.
2000年与叙利亚亚的和谈也差点取得成功。
The Bill will come close to fifty dollars.
账单接近五十元。
The boat came close to the rocks and then sheered away.
那条船驶近岩石,然后又避开了。
All other anxieties paled beside the terrible fact of the fire coming close to the town.
大火逼近城镇,这可怕的事实使其他令人焦虑的事都显得微不足道了。
最后总结:如果没有“中间副词close干扰,建议按照第1/2种理解,如果中间有副词slow 建议按照第3种理解”
(因个人水平非常有限,没有最先按照第3种方式解答,如造成不便还请谅解,同时也非常感谢legend最先按照第3种方式来解答并作完美解答,也让我学习了。因此建议刘老师优先采纳legend为最佳答案.)